Report! You can wear short sleeves in the Arctic

Is there a feeling?

In recent years, the winters have been extremely cold and the summers have been extremely hot...

What impacts will the occurrence of extreme high temperature weather have?

Take the Arctic, the extremely cold place.

In July this year,

The temperature in the Arctic Circle soared to 32.5 degrees Celsius.

Covering the world's largest island

Greenland's ice sheet is also melting at an accelerated rate.

Arctic scientists

Even playing ice volleyball in short-sleeved shirts and shorts↓

Rare "triple" La Nina phenomenon

Since June 2022,

Heat waves have hit many countries in the Northern Hemisphere.

Peteli Taalas, Secretary-General of the World Meteorological Organization

On July 19, he said,

Hot weather will be the norm in Europe in summer.

Negative trends caused by climate change

It will last until at least 2060 .

The United Kingdom, South Korea and other countries have issued high temperature warnings.

Temperatures in many countries, including Japan, reached record highs.

The British journal Nature recently stated that

Meteorologists have predicted La Nina for the third year in a row.

That is, a rare "triple" La Niña climate event may occur.

What is La Nina?

The sea temperature in this area of ​​the Pacific Ocean has been lower than normal for some time .

The researchers noted that

The current La Niña phenomenon began around September 2020.

By April 2022,

It's getting worse.

Leading to the eastern equatorial Pacific

A cold wave has occurred, which is rare since 1950.

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration predicts that

There is a 51% chance that La Niña will continue until early 2023 .

The researchers said,

It is common for two consecutive La Niña winters to occur in the Northern Hemisphere.

But three in a row is relatively rare.

More La Niña events will

Increased chances of flooding in Southeast Asia ,

Increased risk of drought and wildfires in the southwestern United States.

and form a variety of hurricanes, cyclones and monsoon patterns in the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans ,

And trigger weather changes in other areas.

From real life,

Residents in many parts of our country have also truly felt

This summer is hotter than in previous years.

The ongoing La Niña event

The development of high temperatures in the south since June this year

Provides important climate background conditions.

According to statistical analysis,

In the summer following most La Niña events,

The subtropical high tends to move northward.

Since late June, the subtropical high has moved northward.

Especially after Typhoon Siam moved northward in early July,

The subtropical high strengthens and extends westward, while the Iranian high extends eastward.

Combined with the mid-latitude continental high pressure,

A stable warm high-pressure belt is formed over China.

This will result in widespread high temperature weather.

In addition, due to the water vapor carried by the subtropical high

The humidity in central and eastern China is high.

This causes the body temperature to feel higher.

How does extreme weather come about?

Why is there so much extreme weather?

Let's put the pressure on the topic of global warming .

Greenhouse gas emissions caused by human activities,

The global extreme heat intensity

and the main reason for the increase in frequency.

According to the United Nations climate science body,

Global average sea level rise rate

Faster than any other century in the past 3,000 years ,

Current atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration

Higher than the highest level in 2 million years.

And it is still rising.

Everything in the world has temperature, and objects with temperature will emit electromagnetic waves. Objects with high temperature emit shorter wavelengths, while objects with low temperature emit longer wavelengths.

When the shortwave radiation of sunlight reaches the earth, the atmosphere absorbs less shortwave, so most of the solar radiation can be absorbed by the earth's surface, causing the temperature of the earth's surface to rise.

When the temperature of the earth's surface rises, it can emit long-wave radiation, most of which can be absorbed by greenhouse gases in the atmosphere during the process of penetrating the atmosphere. After absorbing this radiation, greenhouse gases will produce reverse radiation downward to the earth's surface, producing a warming effect, which is the greenhouse effect .

Under normal circumstances, only some gases in the atmosphere can absorb long-wave radiation from the earth's surface, such as carbon dioxide and methane. These gases are collectively called greenhouse gases. They can absorb almost all long-wave radiation emitted by the ground, among which only some narrow sections absorb less, so they are called window areas. The earth relies on these window areas to return 70% of the solar heat received to the universe in the form of long-wave radiation, thereby maintaining the ground temperature unchanged.

The enhancement of the greenhouse effect today is mainly due to human activities that have increased the types and concentrations of greenhouse gases, causing this 70% ratio to decrease, leading to higher ground temperatures .

After talking about warming for so long,

How much warmer is it?

Data shows that

Compared to the pre-industrial era,

The average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere rose by 1.09°C.

Don’t underestimate this small amount of data.

If the world's temperature rises by just 1°C,

Both require a lot of heat to warm the oceans, atmosphere and land.

Global warming,

It does not mean that the average temperature everywhere will rise synchronously.

For example, the temperature here may not change at all.

But some areas may see a rise of 4°C.

Other areas may see a drop of 2°C.

In 2015,

COP21

The Paris Agreement was adopted.

Keep the global average temperature rise below 2°C above pre-industrial levels.

and strive to control the temperature within 1.5°C ” is written into the agreement.

From then on, 1.5℃ became a new and more stringent climate target.

At present,

The overall trend of global warming has not changed.

Global surface temperature 2011-2020

1.09°C warmer than 1850-1900,

Among them, the land temperature increase is 1.59°C.

The ocean warmed by 0.88°C.

visible,

Current global average temperature rise

The bottom line of 1.5℃ is within reach.

Meteorological experts predict that

As global temperatures continue to rise,

**By the end of this century,** the probability of extreme weather will increase by 14 times.

This book is used to describe

The term "historically rare meteorological event"

It will soon be extinct...

The frequency of extreme weather events is increasing.

Is global climate change out of control?

In recent years,

The earth seems to be particularly "restless".

You can understand it as,

The earth is in a violent way

Trying to restore the climate to its previous equilibrium.

If greenhouse gas emissions continue to rise,

Global warming will be even greater.

And what we are experiencing now is just a "foreshadowing of the future."

The frequency of extreme weather events is increasing.

Does that mean global climate change is out of control?

Is it still too late to “save” the earth?

Meteorological experts said:

According to the forecast results for the future,

Global warming has not yet reached an irreversible level.

As long as the world responds positively,

Climate change is still within control.

How to control greenhouse gas emissions?

Human beings have come up with a countermeasure - carbon neutrality .

This "neutralization" is the "neutralization" we learned in our chemistry textbooks——

Over a period of time, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted is equal to the amount of carbon dioxide absorbed.

The positive and negative cancel out, and the net sum is zero.

This will keep the "beast" of global warming under control.

but,

The temperature rise has a lag relative to the change in the amount of carbon dioxide.

Even if carbon dioxide is under control,

Temperatures will not stabilize immediately in the short term.

If we take countermeasures from now on,

Carbon dioxide emissions will continue to rise for a period of time.

Only then can we see the effectiveness of the measures.

So we must achieve carbon neutrality before

Peaking carbon dioxide emissions,

Welcome the carbon peak.

Source: CCTV.com

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