Electronic cigarettes are not real tobacco, so they are healthier? Rumors on the October Science Rumors List

1. Soy sauce should not contain food additives

Rumor: Food additives in soy sauce are harmful to health.

Truth interpretation:

Food additives are artificial or natural substances added to food to improve the quality, color, aroma and taste of food, as well as for the needs of preservation, freshness preservation and processing technology. Taking soy sauce as an example, the appropriate addition of preservatives can effectively inhibit microorganisms. Otherwise, more salt will be needed to prevent the reproduction of microorganisms. The use of such soy sauce will also indirectly increase salt intake and affect health. The addition of enzyme preparations can increase the fermentation efficiency of soy sauce and increase the flavor of soy sauce. Using food additives in accordance with the scope and amount of use specified by national standards and in accordance with the principles of use of food additives will not threaten health. Of course, it is a personal freedom to choose which kind of soy sauce to use. If you want to know whether the product uses additives, you can find out from the ingredient list.

Source: Science Refutes Rumors

2. E-cigarettes are not real tobacco, so they are healthier

Rumor content: E-cigarettes are not real tobacco, do not require fire, and are less harmful.

Truth interpretation:

Electronic cigarettes heat the atomization system to atomize the electronic cigarette liquid into aerosols that are absorbed into the body. The main ingredients of most electronic cigarette liquids are nicotine, propylene glycol, and glycerin. During the heating process, the liquid will produce some other compounds, which have a strong irritating effect on the respiratory system. Some will even deposit in the airways to aggravate respiratory inflammation and even form "popcorn lungs." The power and delivery efficiency of the electronic cigarette heating atomization device are different, and the nicotine content in the aerosol produced by the product is also different. In addition, the harm of electronic cigarettes to the human body is not limited to the respiratory system, but also to the cardiovascular system, immune system, and blood system. Even if a small amount of electronic cigarettes are inhaled, corresponding clinical damage symptoms will occur.

Source: Toutiao refutes rumors

3. You should rest after the fracture surgery.

Rumor content: If you have a broken bone or surgery, you must wait until your body is fully recovered before you can move around, otherwise it will leave hidden dangers.

Truth interpretation:

Many patients stay in bed and rest after fracture surgery, and rarely move. In fact, this is a misunderstanding. It is true that fracture rehabilitation requires stability, but after treatment, whether it is plaster, brace or steel plate, the bone is fixed. Its main purpose is to allow patients to move earlier to prevent muscle atrophy and other complications, such as thrombosis and pneumonia. Patients who have undergone fracture surgery should perform appropriate limb activities under the doctor's advice, which is conducive to the recovery of prognosis.

Source: Toutiao refutes rumors

4. Hitting trees can strengthen your body

Rumor: Hitting a tree can stimulate the body and have a massage and health-care effect.

Truth interpretation:

In many parks and communities, you can see elderly people hitting their bodies against trees for fitness. However, this "fitness method" is unscientific and even dangerous. There are many cases of serious injuries caused by blindly hitting trees, such as accidental retinal detachment, ruptured blood vessels in the back causing thrombosis, etc. Many people choose to hit trees because of back pain, but there are many reasons for back pain. If the pain is caused by diseases such as myocardial infarction and gallstones, hitting trees will not relieve the pain. In addition, osteoporosis is common among the elderly, and hitting trees may cause fractures, which is even more undesirable.

Source: Toutiao refutes rumors

5. There is a substation near my home, which is very dangerous and I need to move.

Rumor: Substations generate radiation and noise, which can affect health.

Truth interpretation:

Substations also have a certain coverage area, i.e., the power supply radius. If the power supply radius is exceeded, the effective supply of electricity cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, the construction of substations in cities cannot be arbitrarily far away from users, and it is normal to build them near residential areas. People are worried about the impact of substations in their daily lives, mainly electromagnetic radiation and noise. The AC frequency of my country's substations is 50Hz, which is an extremely low frequency in the field of electromagnetic radiation, and the radiation range is very small. Therefore, even for staff who are on duty in substations for a long time, as long as they are outside the safety distance specified by the state, their health will not be affected by electromagnetic radiation.

Source: Science Refutes Rumors

6. If vision is restored after myopia surgery, it means myopia has been cured

Rumor content: As long as you have myopia surgery and take off your glasses, it means your myopia is cured.

Truth interpretation:

At this stage, any means, including surgery, can only correct vision, but cannot cure myopia itself. First of all, even if vision returns to normal after a successful operation, if you do not pay attention to eye hygiene, you may still become myopic again. Secondly, with age, myopia often brings a series of complications, such as floaters, cataracts, etc. And people with more severe myopia are more likely to suffer from open-angle glaucoma. Furthermore, the retina of the fundus of people with high myopia becomes thinner and more fragile. If the eye is impacted or the intraocular pressure fluctuates greatly, retinal detachment is likely to occur. Therefore, it is more important to prevent myopia.

Source: Science Refutes Rumors

About the Science Rumors List

Released by the China Association for Science and Technology, the list is reviewed by experts every month. Based on criteria such as timeliness and harmfulness, hot rumors are selected for special interpretation and pushed across the entire network.

Jointly published: Scientific rumor-busting platform, China Internet Joint Rumor-busting Platform, "Study to Strengthen the Country" learning platform

Platform support: Tencent Jiuzhen, Weibo Rumor Refutation, Toutiao Rumor Refutation, Douyin, Dad Review, NetEase Health

List of review experts (in order of the number of strokes of surnames)

Song Shuang, Associate Researcher, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

Chen Rui, Associate Professor, Institute of Communication Psychology, School of Journalism, Communication University of China

Wu Dongming, Associate Researcher, National Physical Fitness Research Center, Institute of Sports Science, General Administration of Sport of China

Jia Changkai, deputy chief physician, Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University

Gao Chao, Associate Researcher, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention

This article is produced by the "Science Rumor Refutation Platform" (ID: Science_Facts). Please indicate the source when reprinting.

The pictures in this article are from the copyright gallery and are not authorized for reproduction.