"What kind of garbage are you?" How to sort these household wastes, don't throw them in the wrong way!

The garbage generated in life may seem like a trivial matter in life, but in fact, it is no small matter in people's livelihood! Faced with the "massive invasion" of domestic garbage, our home planet is already overwhelmed! Faced with the increasingly serious "garbage siege", we must have a sense of crisis and responsibility!

Declare war on domestic waste, and classification is the breakthrough. Waste classification is not only a technical issue, but also a social governance project that requires the participation of everyone in the whole society.

The pollution caused by domestic waste, whether it is soil pollution, air pollution, water pollution, or biological pollution, will eventually endanger human health.

Occupation and pollution of soil: The first thing that the "garbage siege" takes away is our living space. Soil is the biggest "victim" of the "garbage siege". The "garbage siege" has occupied a lot of our precious land resources. Plastics and other products in domestic garbage are not easily degraded in the soil, and the leachate in the garbage often contains harmful substances. These substances may destroy the structure and function of the soil, endanger agricultural ecological security, and then threaten our food security.

Air and water pollution: The composition of domestic waste is complex, and it will release a variety of pollutants during the open-air stacking process. For example, the decomposition of organic matter will produce a large amount of ammonia, sulfide and organic volatile gas pollutants, thereby polluting our atmospheric environment and endangering human health. At the same time, the organic pollutants generated by domestic waste during the stacking and corruption process often pollute the surface water with the action of rain. There may also be a large number of pathogenic microorganisms and heavy metals including mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., which makes the groundwater resources have the characteristics of "all five poisons".

Garbage explosions are very harmful: When it comes to garbage explosions, some people may not believe it. In fact, garbage explosions are not uncommon. The reason is that the flammable gas produced by the decomposition of domestic garbage during the stacking process will burn or explode when certain conditions are met. For example, methane is flammable and explosive, and the explosion limit is generally 5% to 15%. In July 2000, an explosion occurred at a garbage treatment plant in the Philippines, killing 124 people and leaving more than 100 people missing.

(Picture source: Baotu.com)

The so-called garbage classification is to sort domestic garbage into several categories according to the requirements of different treatment methods from the source of garbage generation. Classification is the key link in the classification management of domestic garbage, and it is also a classification management model widely adopted by countries around the world.

In my country, the composition of household waste in different regions varies greatly, and the current classification methods are also different. The following uses the "four-part classification" as an example to illustrate the types of waste:

1. Recyclables: refers to items suitable for recycling and resource utilization, including paper, plastic, metal, glass and fabric.

2. Hazardous waste: refers to household waste that causes direct or potential harm to human health or the natural environment, including waste rechargeable batteries, waste button batteries, waste light bulbs, discarded medicines, waste pesticides (containers), waste paint (containers), waste daily chemicals, waste mercury products, etc.

3. Kitchen waste: Sometimes also called wet garbage, it refers to organic and perishable household waste discarded by households, including solid food, eggshells, melon and fruit peels and cores, tea residues, fruits and vegetables, etc., as well as organic and perishable waste generated by seafood markets, including discarded vegetable leaves, fruits, fish and shrimps, etc.

4. Other garbage: Sometimes also called dry garbage, refers to household garbage other than the first three items, including discarded sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, napkins, cigarette butts, cleaning debris, large bones, shells, etc.

Garbage classification from the source of households is a prerequisite for classified collection and disposal. It not only reduces the amount of garbage at the source, but also recycles a large amount of resources, while also reducing the adverse effects of garbage on the environment and human health. Therefore, garbage classification is the key to achieving garbage reduction, resource utilization, and harmlessness, and is also an inevitable choice and trend for urban domestic waste management.

Why is wet garbage difficult?

Wet garbage is also called kitchen waste in some places. It is characterized by high water content, easy to rot and stink, and low calorific value. In my country, wet garbage accounts for about 60% of domestic garbage. This is a type of garbage that needs to be collected and processed separately.

If wet garbage is mixed with domestic garbage and landfilled or incinerated together, it will not only increase the incineration cost, but also be detrimental to the control of pollutants during the incineration process. At the same time, wet garbage is also prone to breeding mosquitoes and flies, producing unpleasant odors, and long-distance transportation is also prone to leakage pollution. Therefore, wet garbage is more harmful to the urban ecological environment.