Obesity diagnosis and treatment now has a "national version of the guide"! 7 kinds of diet plans, see which one is right for you

On October 17, the National Health Commission issued the "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity (2024 Edition)", which is the first authoritative guideline for the multidisciplinary diagnosis and treatment of obesity in China. Save it quickly↓↓

The prevalence of obesity in my country continues to rise

The "Guidelines" point out that in recent years, the prevalence of overweight and obese people in my country has continued to rise.

Among them, the obesity prevalence rate among adults reached 16.4%. Among adolescents aged 6 to 17, the overweight rate and obesity prevalence rate were 11.1% and 7.9%, respectively. The overweight rate and obesity prevalence rate of children under 6 years old were 6.8% and 3.6%, respectively.

The epidemiological characteristics of obesity in the Chinese population show the following characteristics:

① The overweight rate and obesity prevalence rate of men are higher than those of women;

② The prevalence of obesity in men reaches its peak at 35-39 years old, while that in women is 70-74 years old;

③ There are obvious regional differences in overweight and obesity rates, with the northern region generally higher than the southern region;

④The overweight and obesity rates are higher among women with lower education levels, while the opposite is true for men.

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How to determine whether you are obese?

Body mass index is a universal standard for assessing systemic obesity and is calculated as: weight (kg) divided by height (m) squared.

The standards for the adult population in my country:

Low weight: BMI < 18.5kg/㎡

Normal weight: 18.5kg/㎡ ≤BMI< 24kg/㎡

Overweight: 24kg/㎡ ≤ BMI< 28kg/㎡

Obesity: BMI ≥ 28kg/㎡

Waist circumference is a commonly used indicator reflecting central obesity. Based on the characteristics of the adult population in my country and health risk assessment, a normal waist circumference is defined as < 85cm (male) and < 80cm (female). A waist circumference of > 90cm (male) and > 85cm (female) can be diagnosed as central obesity.

According to relevant industry standards, for children under 7 years old, the standard deviation of BMI by sex and age can be used as an evaluation method; for school-age children and adolescents aged 6 to 18, BMI by sex and age can be used as a standard for screening overweight and obesity, and it should be aligned with the overweight and obesity screening standards for Chinese adults.

How to lose weight scientifically?

As an important pathogenic factor of many chronic diseases, obesity has become the sixth leading risk factor for death and disability in China . How to lose weight scientifically? What role does the "Guidelines" play in standardizing the clinical diagnosis and treatment of obesity in China? Let's learn more↓

The Guidelines clarify the treatment principles for obesity and point out that:

1. The main purpose of obesity treatment is to reduce excess fat accumulated in the body and reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases.

2. During the weight loss process, attention should be paid to dehydration, sarcopenia and changes in the endocrine system; it is recommended to evaluate the weight loss effect and metabolic indicators every 3 to 6 months.

3. Weight loss goals should be set in layers. For most overweight and mildly obese patients, the goal can be set to reduce and maintain body weight by at least 5% to 15% within 3 to 6 months. For patients with moderate to severe obesity, higher weight loss goals can be set.

The causes of obesity are complex, and there are various intervention treatment methods, including psychological intervention, exercise intervention, clinical nutrition therapy, drug therapy, etc. The Guidelines point out that for the diagnosis and treatment of obesity, we should actively advocate a " patient-centered multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment model ."

Clinical nutrition therapy is the basic therapy for comprehensive treatment of obesity, which can be divided into four steps, namely nutrition screening and evaluation, intervention, monitoring, nutrition education and management . Medical weight loss diet is a dietary method that adjusts the nutrient ratio to meet the basic energy needs and weight loss needs of obese patients, mainly including energy-restricted diet, high-protein diet, intermittent fasting mode, low-carbohydrate diet and other methods.

Medical weight loss diets should be noted that one diet plan is not suitable for all obese patients, and should be carried out under the guidance of clinical nutritionists and clinical monitoring according to metabolic status and physical condition. Current clinical studies have shown that repeated fluctuations in weight may shorten life expectancy.

Zhang Zhongtao, deputy director of Beijing Friendship Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University: We particularly emphasize multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment models. In the future, we may establish weight management centers in some large hospitals to make it more convenient for the diagnosis and treatment of obese patients.

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Source: CCTV.com

Editor: Yang Yaping

Proofread by Xu Lai and Lin Lin