How are planets in the universe "eaten" by black holes? Where will they go in the end?

Black holes can be regarded as the top celestial bodies in the universe. However, this "corpse" does not stay quietly after death or slowly decay and disappear, but will "resurrect" like in many ghost movies and legends.

The reason why a black hole "resurrects" is that its extreme curvature creates extreme gravity, which will tear apart and devour everything near it, including stars and other celestial bodies with a larger mass than itself, and eventually make them disappear without a trace. When there is nothing to devour around a black hole, it will disappear as if it has disappeared and cannot be seen.

So where do all the swallowed celestial bodies go? Many people are puzzled by this phenomenon. According to the laws of physics, no object can disappear without reason. Does a black hole violate the laws of physics?

In fact, this is not the case. In fact, black holes are a kind of strange celestial body predicted by Einstein's general theory of relativity, and general theory of relativity is the foundation of modern physics. This shows that black holes are a kind of existence that conforms to the inference of physics and is the inevitable result of Einstein's field theory.

This inference of Einstein was further deciphered by his contemporary scientist Karl Schwarzschild, who demonstrated the critical radius characteristic value of mass shortly after the publication of the general theory of relativity in 1916. That is, any object with mass has a critical radius value. When it is compressed to the extreme by a certain force, that is, compressed into its own critical radius range, some strange phenomenon will occur.

This strange phenomenon is that matter will infinitely collapse to an infinitely small singularity at the core, which has infinite density, infinite temperature, and infinite curvature. Due to the infinite curvature, this singularity will form a spherical space around itself, and the radius of this spherical space is exactly the critical radius of mass. Once any matter approaches and enters this radius, there is no return, even light with an escape velocity of 300,000 kilometers per second is no exception.

People call this critical radius the Schwarzschild radius, and this spherical space is called a black hole. Compared with the mass, this spherical space is very small, and its calculation formula is R=2GM/C^2, where R is the Schwarzschild radius, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the object, and C is the speed of light.

According to this formula, we can calculate that the Schwarzschild radius of the sun is about 3 kilometers, and the Schwarzschild radius of the earth is about 9 millimeters. Any substance, including an atom, has its critical mass point. This theory has been confirmed by scientific observations and experiments, and there is nothing to question.

Since light that enters a black hole cannot escape, humans who rely on light to observe the world cannot see black holes. People can now observe black holes because black holes are greedy. In the process of devouring, the surrounding matter violently collides and bursts out strong light and various rays. Based on these visible light and high-energy rays surrounding the black hole, people can get a glimpse of the appearance of the black hole.

In fact, the size of a black hole mainly refers to the size of the Schwarzschild radius, which is proportional to the mass of the black hole. The essence of a black hole is the singularity at the core. Regardless of the mass of all black holes, the singularity is infinitely small, that is, it is impossible to measure how small it is. The spherical Schwarzschild radius is actually an empty gravitational field space.

At this point, you should know where the celestial matter swallowed by the black hole goes, right? Simply put, it is crushed into matter smaller than the smallest particle we understand, and falls into the singularity at the core. Although this singularity is infinitely small, it does not disappear. This can be proved by the fact that the mass of the black hole continues to increase after swallowing matter, and its Schwarzschild radius also continues to increase.

Although people cannot peek into the internal conditions of a black hole, it is by observing the size and activity of the black hole's Schwarzschild radius that we can obtain physical quantities such as the black hole's mass, angular momentum, and charge. This shows that black holes in our world still follow the laws of physics.

As for what a singularity is, current science cannot explain it, because modern physics research believes that a singularity is a super-space substance that cannot be explained by our world theory. A more standard statement is that modern physics fails at a singularity.

Despite this, many scientists have proposed various conjectures about black hole singularities. The more influential ones are:

1. The black hole singularity is another intersection of time and space. Matter disappears from the black hole singularity and becomes something in another time and space.

2. The original singularity of the universe is the product of random fluctuations of quantum vacuum. It is positive and negative virtual particles with huge energy. They appear in pairs randomly and annihilate each other. Due to this random imperfection and asymmetry, some of them do not annihilate, thus giving birth to the universe;

3. Matter disappears from the black hole singularity, moves to another time and space, and is ejected from another black hole in time and space;

These explanations have their own reasons, but none of them seem to be self-consistent as the destination of black hole matter, and there is no evidence yet. Because matter seems to disappear after entering a black hole, but at least four physical quantities can be observed outside the black hole, namely mass, angular momentum, charge and curvature, which means that the matter sucked into the black hole is still inside, neither disappearing nor being transferred to another space-time.

This is why black holes have such extreme power that they swallow everything. Therefore, there is still no real theory that can explain the problem of black hole singularity, and it may always be a mystery. What do you think? Welcome to discuss.

This is an original article from Space-Time Communication. Please respect the author’s copyright. Thank you for your understanding and support.