How to get the new coronavirus vaccine? Here is the authoritative guide

The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued authoritative guidelines on new coronavirus vaccination on the 7th in response to public concerns.

Who are the key groups for new coronavirus vaccination at this stage?

The COVID-19 situation in my country is different from that in other countries, and the vaccine use strategy is also different. The main strategy for COVID-19 vaccination needs to be considered in combination with the domestic epidemic situation and prevention and control goals. At present, the significance of vaccinating key populations is, on the one hand, to protect this group of people, and on the other hand, to "prevent imports from abroad and rebound from within", which is beneficial to my country's overall epidemic prevention and control.

At this stage, the key groups for new coronavirus vaccination mainly include those working in industries with relatively high infection risks such as imported cold chain, port quarantine, ship pilotage, aviation flight attendants, fresh food markets, public transportation, medical disease control, etc.; those who go to medium and high-risk countries or regions to work or study.

Is it necessary to get vaccinated against the new coronavirus?

It is necessary. On the one hand, almost everyone in my country has no immunity against the new coronavirus and is susceptible to it. After infection, some people will develop critical illness or even die. After vaccination, on the one hand, most people can gain immunity; on the other hand, through orderly vaccination of the new coronavirus vaccine, an immune barrier can be gradually established among the population to block the spread of COVID-19.

How to get the new coronavirus vaccine and where to get it?

The COVID-19 vaccine is administered at vaccination units approved by local health administrative departments. Usually, vaccination units are located in health service centers, township health centers, or general hospitals in the jurisdiction. If the vaccination involves some departments or enterprises with a large number of key targets, the local area will also set up some temporary vaccination units according to the situation.

The local health administrative department or disease prevention and control agency will also announce the vaccination units that can carry out new coronavirus vaccine as required, including location and service hours. Please pay attention to the relevant information release platform.

For most key groups, their units will organize surveys, make appointments, and assist in the vaccination. For individuals who travel to medium- and high-risk countries or regions for work or study, they can pay attention to the relevant service information for local COVID-19 vaccination.

What are the contraindications for vaccination?

Contraindications to vaccination refer to circumstances in which the vaccine should not be given. Because most contraindications are temporary, the vaccine can be given at a later time when the condition that caused the contraindication no longer exists.

Before the COVID-19 vaccination plan and vaccination guidelines are specifically stipulated, the COVID-19 vaccination contraindications shall be implemented according to the vaccine instructions. Common contraindications to vaccination include: 1. People who are allergic to the vaccine or its components; 2. People with acute diseases; 3. People in the acute stage of chronic diseases; 4. People with fever; 5. Pregnant women.

How to discover and grasp the contraindications of vaccination?

During the implementation process, if a severe allergic reaction occurs after the first dose of the vaccine and it cannot be ruled out that the vaccine is the cause, the second dose is not recommended. It is necessary to understand the vaccine ingredients, and those who have a history of allergies to the vaccine ingredients should not be vaccinated.

During vaccination, the vaccinating doctor should carefully inquire about the health status and previous allergy history of the vaccine recipient. The vaccine recipient should truthfully report the health status, medical history, allergy history, etc. of the vaccine to the vaccinating doctor. Vaccine contraindications should be included in the informed consent form.

Do I need to stop wearing a mask after getting the new coronavirus vaccine?

Before the population immunity barrier is established, even if some people are vaccinated, everyone's prevention and control awareness and prevention and control measures cannot be relaxed. On the one hand, the success rate of vaccine immunity is not 100%, and a small number of vaccinated people may still get sick during the epidemic. On the other hand, in the absence of an immune barrier, the new coronavirus is still easy to spread. Therefore, you should continue to wear a mask after vaccination, especially in public places and crowded places; other protective measures such as hand hygiene, ventilation, and maintaining social distance also need to be maintained.

How to form herd immunity in the population through vaccination?

Different infectious diseases have different infectivity, and the level of population immunity required to stop the spread of infectious diseases is also different. Generally speaking, the more infectious the infectious disease is, the higher the population immunity is required. For example, measles and whooping cough are highly infectious. If their spread is to be stopped, the population immunity must reach 90%-95%; and to eliminate smallpox and polio, the population immunity must reach more than 80%. When the population immunity reaches the above threshold, an immune barrier is established to block the spread of measles, whooping cough, smallpox and polio.

Population immunity is directly proportional to the protective efficacy of vaccines and the vaccination rate. Therefore, to achieve sufficient population immunity, a sufficiently high vaccination rate is required, that is, the vast majority of people are vaccinated. On the contrary, if there are many people who are not vaccinated or most people are unwilling to be vaccinated, a strong immune barrier cannot be formed, and when there is an infectious source, the disease is likely to spread.

How long does the protection provided by the new coronavirus vaccine currently used in my country last?

The new coronavirus vaccine is a newly developed vaccine that has been put into use. It requires continuous monitoring and related research after large-scale vaccination to accumulate more scientific evidence and evaluate the long-term protection provided by the new coronavirus vaccine.

How long does it take to produce antibodies against the new coronavirus after vaccination?

According to previous clinical trials of inactivated coronavirus vaccines, the vaccinated population can produce a better immune effect about two weeks after the second dose of the inactivated vaccine.

What are the common adverse reactions to the new coronavirus vaccination?

Based on the results of the previous clinical trials of the COVID-19 vaccine and the information collected during emergency use, the incidence of common adverse reactions to the COVID-19 vaccine is basically similar to that of other widely used vaccines. Common adverse reactions mainly include redness, swelling, nodules, and pain at the injection site, as well as fever, fatigue, nausea, headache, and muscle aches.

Source: People's Daily Online