Beware of these "Spring Festival diseases"! If you encounter similar situations, go to the hospital immediately!

Expert of this article: Li Tian, ​​Chief Physician, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University

Another Spring Festival is here. At this time when families reunite and friends and relatives gather together, eating, drinking, and chatting are inevitable.

Little do you know that when you enjoy fine wine and delicious food without restraint, your diet is irregular, your food intake increases, and you consume too much high-fat, high-protein food, which makes the human digestive system suffer, overwhelmed, and uncomfortable, causing the most common "Spring Festival disease" - digestive system disease.

Among these, acute gastroenteritis, acute cholecystitis, acute pancreatitis, acute alcohol poisoning, and acute gastric mucosal lesions account for a large proportion.

Acute gastroenteritis

Acute gastroenteritis is caused by improper diet, overeating, eating raw, cold, hard and unclean foods, excessive intake of irritating foods, etc., which severely weakens the gastrointestinal function and causes acute inflammatory changes in the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Symptoms: The main clinical manifestations are acute diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, with or without fever, etc.

Recommendation: The onset is relatively acute, and mild cases can be relieved by resting in bed, drinking more water, eating a light diet, avoiding spicy and irritating foods, reducing gastrointestinal pressure and irritation as much as possible, or through drug treatment. However, you need to be alert to the following situations: persistent abdominal pain for more than 2 hours, vomiting for more than 1 day, bloody stools, body temperature over 38.5℃, dry mouth, dry skin, decreased urination or darker urine color and other signs of dehydration, then you should seek medical attention promptly.

Acute cholecystitis

Acute cholecystitis is an inflammation of the gallbladder caused by obstruction of the gallbladder duct and bacterial invasion. Overeating, excessive drinking, and eating a lot of greasy food are common causes that may cause excessive bile secretion and induce acute cholecystitis.

Symptoms: Acute onset, typical clinical manifestations are paroxysmal colic in the right upper abdomen or under the xiphoid process, which may radiate to the right shoulder and back, and may be accompanied by abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, fever and other symptoms.

Recommendation: If you experience chills, high fever, etc., you should seek medical attention promptly. In severe cases, surgical treatment is required.

Acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory injury to the pancreatic tissue caused by various causes, such as edema, congestion, and necrosis. Overeating, drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, and consuming too much high-fat, high-protein food will cause the pancreas to secrete large amounts of digestive enzymes that exceed its own carrying capacity.

Often, it causes partial blockage of the pancreatic duct, poor pancreatic secretion, and increased pressure in the pancreatic duct. Pancreatic digestive enzymes cannot be discharged into the duodenum normally, which causes premature activation in the acinus, severely corroding the acinus and adjacent tissues, thus causing pancreatitis. The mortality rate of patients with severe acute pancreatitis combined with multiple organ failure is as high as 20% to 30%.

Symptoms: Sudden, persistent, severe pain in the upper abdomen or left upper abdomen after a meal, radiating to the left waist and back, accompanied by abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting, fever, etc. In severe cases, there may even be symptoms of shock such as a rapid pulse and low blood pressure.

Recommendation: The disease develops rapidly, changes rapidly, and is dangerous. In severe cases, it can cause death. Once the disease occurs, do not delay and seek medical treatment in time. For people who usually suffer from high blood lipids, they should be more vigilant about acute pancreatitis.

Acute alcohol intoxication

During the Spring Festival holiday, there are more dates and dinners out, including hot pot and barbecue, delicacies from land and sea, and beverages. Drinking without restraint and swallowing it all are the direct causes of alcohol poisoning.

Symptoms: During the excitement phase, there will be increased talking, excitement, irritability, and restlessness; during the balance disorder phase, there will be unsteady walking, incoherent speech, nausea, and vomiting; during the lethargy phase, there will be a coma and inability to wake up; it may even be life-threatening.

Recommendation: Avoid drinking on an empty stomach, excessive drinking, excessive persuasion, or moral coercion. People who take medication (cephalosporins, nitroimidazoles, antipyretic analgesics, sedatives, hypnotic drugs, etc.) should avoid drinking. Drunk people should lie on their side to avoid choking and coughing caused by inhaling vomit, and should be sent to the hospital as soon as possible.

Acute gastric mucosal lesions

Acute gastric mucosal lesions are lesions characterized by varying degrees of erosion, shallow ulcers and bleeding in the gastric mucosa. After drinking a lot of alcohol, alcohol can dissolve the epithelial lipoprotein layer on the gastric mucosa, or alcohol can damage the mucous cells of the gastric glands through the bloodstream, reducing gastric mucus secretion, and further damaging the gastric mucosal barrier, causing acute gastric mucosal erosion and bleeding.

Symptoms: It may manifest as vomiting blood, coffee-colored liquid, or black stools, accompanied by upper abdominal discomfort, burning sensation, pain, nausea, vomiting, and acid reflux.

Recommendation: If you experience symptoms such as pale complexion, palpitations, fatigue, and fainting, it indicates that the amount of bleeding may be large and you need to seek medical attention as soon as possible.

With the end of the seven-day Spring Festival holiday, after eating a lot of meat and fish, you should be careful about your diet after the festival.

In addition to adjusting your physical and mental state, you also need to pay attention to the following points:

1. Adjust your eating habits appropriately, eat light food, chew your food slowly, reduce the intake of alcohol, spicy and greasy food, eat a balanced diet and have three meals on time;

2. Lose the weight gained during the Spring Festival, use less oil, salt and sugar, change the cooking method, use steaming, boiling, stewing, sautéing, mixing and braising, and avoid deep-frying, pan-frying, roasting, smoking and shabu-shabu;

3. Eat more whole grains, fresh vegetables and fruits, drink more water, adjust your work and rest schedule, and take more exercise to control your weight.

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