Go to Jiangxi and see Poyang Lake!

China

Thousands of lakes

But there is a big lake so magical

Summer it

The vast expanse of blue water and the vast expanse of smoke

Like a vast ocean

(Please watch in horizontal mode, the Dahuchi section of Yongwu Highway is known as the "most beautiful highway on water", photographer @廖昊)

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Winter

The lake is shrinking, winding and elongated

Like a long river

(Comparison of the size of Poyang Lake in January and July. "High water level is a lake, low water level is like a river"; generally, the lowest water level of Poyang Lake is in January, and the highest water level is in July or August. Map by @陈志浩/星球研究院)

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This is located in Jiangxi

China's largest freshwater lake

It is also China's most "capable" super lake.

Poyang Lake

Its changes

Creating a unique home for thousands of living creatures

Breeding China's most luxuriant migratory bird paradise

It even has a profound impact on

The lives of tens of millions of Jiangxi people

and the safety of hundreds of millions of people in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River

(A few white-necked cranes with gray bodies mixed in with the gray cranes, photographed in Xinjian District, Nanchang, photographer @刘璐)

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Who created

The changing Poyang Lake

Why can it have

Such a great influence?

01

Great changes

Geological movements over the past 100 million years

Causes the strata in the eastern part of our country to shift

The terrain is undulating

Northern Jiangxi

Some ancient hills and mountains

Gradually settled into many depressions of varying sizes

They gradually connect and expand

The final area is about 11,000 square kilometers.

"Dragon head-shaped" huge depression

Poyang Lake Basin

(Sketch of the Poyang Lake Basin, drawn by @陈志浩/Planetary Research Institute)

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Around the basin

It is a relatively uplifted collection of mountains

Lushan Mountain, Jiuling Mountain, Meiling Mountain

Huaiyu Mountain, Huangshan Mountain, etc.

Surrounding the basin from the east, south and west

(Please watch in horizontal mode, Lushan Mountain and Poyang Lake, image source: @Visual China)

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Streams from the mountains

Converging in the middle basin

Mud and sand carried by flowing water

Also deposited here

(Jinxi Lake Delta, for illustration only, photographer @冯光柳（FGL）)

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Plus

Long-term changes in the strata

Finally, hundreds of thousands of years ago

The basin becomes high in the south and low in the north.

Therefore, it is difficult for all water to stagnate here

And through the "gap" in the north that is not surrounded by mountains

Merge into the Yangtze River

then

At this time, the Poyang Lake Basin

Formed a plain with crisscrossing river networks

(Please watch in horizontal mode, Makou Laohe Farmland in Yongxiu County, for illustration only, photographer @程应明)

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However

The Changing Yangtze River

Changed this situation

Tens of thousands of years ago

Main channel of the Yangtze River in Jiujiang

From further north and farther from the basin

Moved south to the present river course

10,000 years ago

The end of the last glacial period

The weather is getting warmer and the river is getting higher

So about 2,000 to 3,000 years ago

River water begins to flow back into the Poyang Lake Basin

Formation of the Great Lakes

Start Here

(Meijiazhou, Jiujiang City, is located at the confluence of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake; its formation was affected by the combined effects of the Yangtze River and Poyang Lake, and began to take shape about 2,300 years ago. Image source: @Visual China)

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The lake surface expands southward from the lake mouth

To the Western Han Dynasty

A piece has been formed

A narrow stretch of water about 45 kilometers long from north to south

Its range is close to today's Poyang North Lake

This is Pengli Lake

(The scope of Pengli Lake in the Western Han Dynasty. Before that, the main part of Pengli Lake was located north of the lake mouth. Some people call it the ancient Pengli Lake. This article focuses on the formation process of the water area in the Poyang Lake Basin and does not discuss the morphology of the water area north of the lake mouth. Map by @陈志浩/星球研究院)

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Afterwards

Affected by climate fluctuations, stratum fluctuations, etc.

The Great Lakes expanded significantly southward

Dozens of mountains turned into islands

The name of the Great Lake was changed

Records in the Southern Song Dynasty's "Yu Di Ji Sheng"

"There is Poyang Mountain in the lake, so it is named Poyang Lake.

The lake stretches for hundreds of miles and is also called Pengli Lake.

The name of the lake was officially changed to

Poyang Lake

(Zhu Lake is located in the southeast corner of Poyang Lake. At the end of the Sui Dynasty and the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the Great Lake expanded to the south. Later, due to the construction of dams, it became one of the many inner lakes of Poyang Lake. Photographer @傅鼎)

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Great changes in mountains and rivers, changes in the Yangtze River

Let Poyang Lake

From nothing to something, from small to big

Although its scope no longer changes significantly

But the lake level changes with the seasons

But it becomes more obvious

Poyang Lake and even the whole Jiangxi

All are located in the subtropical monsoon region

Rainy season in spring and summer

Autumn and winter are relatively dry

(Average monthly precipitation in Jiangxi Province over the years, drawn by @陈志浩/Planet Research Institute)

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Jiangxi Mountains

Intercepting water vapor

Five great rivers gave birth to

Ganjiang River, Fuhe River, Xinjiang River, Raohe River, Xiushui River

Known as the "Five Rivers of Jiangxi"

Five River Basin Area

Up to 162,200 square kilometers

Comparable to the whole province of Jiangxi

They converge at Poyang Lake

In the spring and summer with abundant rainfall

Bringing sufficient water

(Poyang Lake and the Five Rivers Basin, Map by Chen Zhihao/Planetary Research Institute)

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at the same time

The Yangtze River during the flood season

The river is rising

Support, and even backflow into Poyang Lake

Poyang Lake gradually widened

Become a big lake

(The picture below shows Yongwu Highway and its connected Wucheng Town, photographer @程应明)

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Then comes autumn

The climate is getting drier

Reduced runoff in five rivers

Yangtze River water level drops

The water level of Poyang Lake continues to drop

(Poyang Lake in autumn, photographed in Duchang; when the water level drops and the lake bottom is exposed, it will be covered with wetland plants, photographer @傅建斌)

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To severe winter

The water level of Poyang Lake has dropped nearly ten meters compared to summer.

The lake area is about 3500 square kilometers.

Reduced to about 300 square kilometers

Reduced by more than ten times

A large lake

"Broken" into many small lakes scattered around

Large area of ​​lake bottom exposed

Wetland plants flourish on it

Like a mountain and river painting

(Wetland landscape of Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve; the water level of Poyang Lake fluctuates greatly from year to year, and the definition of the water area is complex. The lake area can be roughly divided into Tongjiang water body and national flood storage area; the above area data is estimated based on the average highest and lowest water level of Tongjiang water body at Xingzi Hydrological Station over many years; if the entire lake is considered, the area of ​​Poyang Lake can exceed 5,000 square kilometers at the highest water level. Photographer @余明)

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Island in the lake in summer

Gradually leaving the embrace of water

Re-emergence as Luzhong Highland

(Luoxingdun, photographer @泽雷)

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Poyang Lake at this time

Rather than calling it a lake

It is better to regard it as a "super river" formed by the fusion of five rivers.

In the warm winter sun

Slowly flowing into the Yangtze River

It is figuratively called

"When it's flooding, it's all over; when it's dry, it's just a thin line"

(Please watch in horizontal mode, Nanji Wetland, only used to illustrate the shrinking of the lake due to the drop in water level, photographer @廖士清)

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Year after year

The scenery of lakes and mountains changes in a cycle

Poyang Lake thus became

China's most diverse lakes

Not only does the landform change frequently

Even the thousands of living beings here

Along with the pulse of Poyang Lake

Respiratory fluctuations

02

Everything Grows

The ever-changing Poyang Lake

It also brings about rapid changes in the appearance of biological habitats.

Thousands of lives

"You finish your performance and I will take the stage"

It's very lively

The Five Rivers of Jiangxi Province with a wide drainage basin

Rich in mineral elements, humus, etc.

Nutrients are brought into Poyang Lake

For the prosperity of life

Lays the material foundation

(The river water not only brings rich nutrients, but also brings a lot of silt into Poyang Lake. During the dry season, there are many silt plateaus exposed. The picture shows a little swan in the foreground and a red-crested pochard in the distance. The picture was taken in the waters near Yinshan, Duchang. Photographer: @傅建斌)

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After late spring

The lake water is increasing and the water temperature is rising

Rapid growth of plankton in the water

Dense growth of aquatic plants at the bottom of the lake

Plenty of fish, shrimp, crab and shellfish

Poyang Lake is a huge

Aquatic Park

There are as many as 142 species of fish

It accounts for about 18% of China's freshwater fish.

35% of the Yangtze River system

68% in Jiangxi Province

(Please watch in horizontal mode, schematic diagram of fish resources in Poyang Lake, map by @龙雁玲/Planet Research Institute)

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Whether

A large number of carp fish

The four major carps: silver carp, grass carp, bighead carp and black carp

Or the precious shad, Chinese sturgeon, etc.

Living leisurely in the lake

(Preparing to release the Chinese sturgeon into Poyang Lake, photographer @孙京波)

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Such a vast expanse of water with fish and shrimps swimming around

For the arrival of a higher predator

Creates perfect conditions

Yangtze River Porpoise

The king of this water area

It is also the only

Aquatic mammals

(Yangtze River dolphin, known as the "smiling angel", photographed in Yangzizhou, Nanchang, photographer @廖士清)

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They are only distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

There are only about 1,000 of them left.

It is a national first-class protected animal.

It is also a freshwater whale unique to my country.

It can be called the "Giant Panda in the Water"

In Poyang Lake

There are more than 450 Yangtze River dolphins.

About half of the total

(Yangtze River dolphins jumping out of the water, photographed in Yangzizhou, Nanchang; the above data comes from the press conference held by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China on the implementation of the scientific investigation of Yangtze River dolphins and the rescue of rare species in the Yangtze River on July 24, 2018, photographer @廖士清)

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But when summer leaves

The rain gradually decreases and the lake gradually shrinks

Some Yangtze River dolphins and fish

Heading north to the Yangtze River

Prepare for a harsh winter

(Sketch of the main distribution range of Yangtze River porpoises, drawn by @陈志浩/Planet Research Institute)

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Shrinking Poyang Lake

The vast aquatic environment is no longer

But it ushered in another lake beach swamp

Vitality

The lake bottom gradually emerged

Original Vallisneria, Hydrilla, etc.

Submerged plants gradually wither

Wetland herbaceous plants such as tái grass

Rejuvenation

(Poyang Lake Wetland Landscape, photographed near Jishan Mountain in Duchang, photographer @傅建斌)

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Golden Autumn Season

Reeds and southern reeds are blooming and flying

Adding a touch of white to the earth

(Reeds in Dahu Pond, photographer @刘远庆)

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Late Autumn and Early Winter

Polygonum aviculare, Polygonum cocoon, Polygonum water

The light red flowers bloom

The green grass island is dotted with mottled colors

(Polygonum multiflorum flower sea, photographed at Maying Lake in Duchang, photographer @傅建斌)

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When these changes occur

They gradually migrated southwards.

Thousands of migratory birds

Make this place more lively and brilliant

(Please watch in horizontal mode, bird waves of black-tailed godwits, photographed at Xinjian Nanjishan in Nanchang, photographer @廖士清)

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They come for the relatively warm climate.

For this vast grassland

Abundant and varied food

Green-winged teal, ruddy shelduck, spot-billed duck, etc.

Ducks

Eat the young leaves and seeds here

Also looking for grains in the lakeside farmland

(Green-winged duck, photographer @沈俊峰)

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Shallow water area

There are many species of stilts, sandpipers, black-winged stilts, etc.

Plover [héng] snipe water bird

Feeds on benthic molluscs

(Black-winged Stilt, Photographer @沈俊峰)

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There are also white cranes and wild geese

As well as big and small swans, etc.

Digging up plant roots

(White Crane, photographed in Duchang, photographer @Yu Huiquan)

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besides

Oriental white stork, black stork, egret, etc.

Waiting for opportunities to catch underwater fish

(White egret fishing, photographed in Poyang County, photographer @王忠华)

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The richness and vastness of Poyang Lake

Let countless birds

Spend the winter here

(A great egret in Dacha Lake in winter and four herons in the distance, photographer @李风)

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January 2022

Poyang Lake contains

The number of wintering migratory birds is as high as

766,000

It is the largest wintering site for migratory birds in Asia.

It is called "bird paradise"

(Please watch in horizontal mode, a flock of crossbilled sandpipers in Xinjian Nanjishan; the above data comes from the "bird population census" monitoring data of the entire Poyang Lake area conducted by the Poyang Lake National Nature Reserve and other nature reserves in the lake area in January 2022, photographer @廖士清)

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Wait until next March

Warm spring is coming

Thousands of migratory birds will spread their wings and return north

At the same time

Poyang Lake water level gradually rises

The vast grassland is gradually submerged

A vast lake is about to appear

Poyang Lake becomes a world of water again

(Illustration of seasonal changes in plants in the Poyang Lake wetland; each vegetation zone presents typical characteristics such as dominant species and their flowers. In actual situations, the time when each species displays their characteristics is not exactly the same. Map by @龙雁羽/星球研究院)

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that's all

The appearance of Poyang Lake

Cycle between the great lake and the grassland

The creatures there also change with the seasons.

So

For the people living here

The changing Poyang Lake

What else did it bring?

03

Lakeside Homes

first

Poyang Lake's historical southward expansion

To the people of this land

Far-reaching impact

Most of the area where Poyang Lake is located today

It has never been covered by lake water.

It is a fertile plain

(The rural scenery of Furong Farm in Pengze County, for illustration only, photographer @傅建斌)

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People thrive here

Development to the Han Dynasty

Several counties have been established

Among them, Qiyang County is small in area.

But it is located in the center where the rivers meet

Flat terrain and fertile soil

Extremely important status

Therefore, the plain was later called

Fuyang Plain

(Distribution diagram of ancient city sites in Fuyang Plain, drawn by @陈志浩/Planet Research Institute)

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after

The lake expanded significantly to the south

The plains were gradually flooded by the lake

A prosperous and wealthy town

All turned into underwater ruins

(Gold cakes from the tomb of Liu He, the Marquis of Haihun, Haihun County. There are nearly 500 gold cultural relics in the tomb with a total weight of more than 120 kilograms. They were submerged in water to prevent them from being stolen. Photographer: Hou Yuxuan)

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After the central plains were flooded

People moved to higher places

For example, residents in Haihun County who were flooded

Some of them moved to

Aicheng Town near Yongxiu County today

The other part was moved to nearby high ground.

And developed into one of the four ancient towns in Jiangxi

Wucheng Town

(Convention and Exhibition Center of Wucheng Migrant Bird Town; historically, parts of Haihun County were flooded, and there was a saying among the people that "Haihun County was flooded, and Wucheng Town was created"; today, Wucheng Town is not only one of the top ten cultural ancient towns in Jiangxi, but also a Chinese migratory bird town. Photographer @刘远庆)

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From small to big

Poyang Lake expands southward

Became the protagonist of this land

But beyond the grand historical changes

Seasonal changes of Poyang Lake

It also defines the production and life of lakeside residents.

During the flood season

Poyang Lake is a huge lake

Rich fishery resources

Attracting people to come and fish

(Cormorants fishing, photographed in the waters of Jishan, Duchang, photographer @傅建斌)

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Carry out aquaculture

(Eel farming, photographed in Yugan Dongtang, photographer @廖士清)

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Plenty of lake water

Adequate irrigation

Safeguarding a good harvest on farmland

(Zhuhu Lake and farmland beside the lake, photographer @赵高翔)

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In the dry season

The lake is gradually shrinking

In the shallow saucer-shaped depressions around the main lake

The lake has not dried up yet

Hundreds of saucer-shaped lakes were born

Many fish are trapped in it

It is a good place for people to fish in winter.

(Distribution map of disc-shaped lakes; disc-shaped lakes are caused by both natural and human factors. People often build low embankments around them to release water for fishing in winter, but this practice of exhausting the lake to catch fish has caused serious damage to the ecology. Currently, most disc-shaped lakes are designated as protected areas, and with the implementation of the ten-year fishing ban in the Yangtze River, this fishing method has been eliminated from the historical stage. Map by @陈志浩/星球研究院)

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also

In the breeding cage

Or in the inner lake surrounded by dikes

People can also enjoy

Fish rejoice in the joy of a good harvest

(Fishing in Qinglan Lake, Jinxian, photographer @廖士清)

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In winter, Poyang Lake

On the vast grassland

Rich young grass and vast tidal flats

It provides an excellent place for livestock and poultry farming.

(Grazing cattle on the grasslands of Poyang Lake, photographed beside Daji Mountain in Duchang County, Jiujiang, photographer @袁文辉)

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then

Lake Rising and Falling

Poyang Lake is rich in products in all seasons

It is the "land of fish and rice"

(Drying fish, photographed in the waters of Yinshan, Duchang, photographer @傅建斌)

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Local water and soil nurture local people

Abundant seafood and fresh green plants in the grasslands

Become a regular guest at the dinner table of lakeside residents

As the saying goes

“The grass of Poyang Lake is a treasure for the people of Nanchang”

A dish of artemisia fried bacon

It is the favorite of countless Nanchang people.

It is also in the hearts of travelers from afar

Lingering homesickness

(Fried bacon with Artemisia selengensis. Artemisia selengensis is also known as Artemisia selengensis. It often grows on river banks or in swamps. It is widely distributed in the Poyang Lake area. March to May is its growth period and the best harvest period. Image source: @Visual China)

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Lakeside countryside

It also produces countless grains and poultry.

They have become the raw materials for various delicacies

Such as Nanchang white sugar cake, fried rice noodles, steamed rice noodles with meat

Stray chicken, Gongqing duck, clay pot soup, etc.

The lakeside food characteristics were established

(Clay pot soup, picture source @Visual China)

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In addition to the abundance of

Poyang Lake

It also defines the lakeside residents

Travel

The Great Lakes Separate the Two Sides

Let ships and water transport vessels ferry

Becoming an indispensable means of travel

It also encourages people

Building bridges to connect

(Five-Eyed Bridge, located at the lake mouth, photographer @康子霁)

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Although the land routes are often blocked

But Poyang Lake

Connected to the Yangtze River in the north and the Five Rivers in the south

Well-connected waterways

Shipping has developed rapidly

(Sketch of the Jiangxi section of the Southeast Route in the Tang Dynasty; this is a major waterway transportation artery that goes north to the Central Plains and south to Lingnan. Map by @Chen Zhihao/Planetary Research Institute)

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Jingdezhen ceramics, Poyang lacquerware, etc.

Riverside, middle and upper reaches of Tonghu River

Jiangxi specialties

From here, it is sold far and wide to the north and south

(Jingdezhen porcelain production workshop, photographer @刘志勇)

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It can be seen from this

Changes in Poyang Lake

Although it has changed people's lives

But it brought this land

Extensive water transport routes

Abundant seafood and food in all seasons

Poyang Lake

Therefore, it became the mother lake of Jiangxi.

But as the town develops

Problems also began to emerge

04

Great Lakes Crisis

Since the Northern Song Dynasty

The trend of reclaiming farmland around lakes is becoming more and more popular

Large and small dikes are encroaching on Poyang Lake

The lake is gradually shrinking

(Zhuhu dike, with aquaculture paddy fields on the left and Poyang Lake on the right, photographer @赵高翔)

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This situation continued at the beginning of the founding of New China.

In just 22 years from 1954 to 1976

Poyang Lake Area

From 5160 to 3914 square kilometers

Reduced by 1/4

Lake storage capacity has been greatly reduced

The frequency of flood disasters has increased

(The 2020 Poyang Lake flood was photographed in Daocha Village, Poyang Town, Poyang County, Shangrao, Jiangxi Province; the above area data is calculated based on the water level of 21 meters at the lake mouth of Wusong elevation, picture source @Visual China)

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This affects

Not only Poyang Lake

The lower reaches of the Yangtze River

Yangtze River flood season every year

Water intake of Poyang Lake

More than half of the water storage capacity of Taihu Lake

Up to about 2.5 billion cubic meters

This has reduced the risk of floods in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

It can be called "the last protective umbrella of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River"

However, the decrease in the volume of Poyang Lake

This means that during the flood season

Jianghuai, Taihu Lake Basin, etc.

Will be more vulnerable to floods

(Xieshan, during the flood season of the Yangtze River every year, the water level of Poyang Lake rises, and Xieshan turns from a peak into an island; swipe left to see Xieshan during the dry season, photographer @沈俊峰)

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to this end

People began to rationally plan the polder

Give Poyang Lake more space to expand

also

With the construction of the Three Gorges Dam

The water level of the Yangtze River is gradually under control during the flood season

The prevention and control of floods in Poyang Lake has also benefited greatly from it.

The flood control pressure in the middle and lower reaches has also been greatly reduced.

(Three Gorges Dam, photographer @行影不离)

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but

There are always two sides to a coin

Construction of the Three Gorges Dam

It also brought disadvantages to Poyang Lake.

The Three Gorges Dam in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River

A lot of sediment was intercepted

When the reservoir is released

The water below is relatively clear

Clean water has a stronger sand-carrying capacity than muddy water.

Therefore, the scouring of the river channel is stronger

(Water release at the Three Gorges Dam, photographer @李心宽)

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Clean water flows down for 9 months every year

Make the riverbed of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River deeper and deeper

The water level of the Yangtze River has gradually dropped.

Plus

October, the end of the Yangtze River flood season

In order to meet the needs of navigation, power generation, etc.

The Three Gorges Reservoir closed its gates to store water

The water level in the middle and lower reaches has therefore dropped rapidly.

This caused the dry season of Poyang Lake to come earlier and be extended overall.

Droughts on the rise

(Thousand Eyes Bridge and exposed lake bottom, photographer @程应明)

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on the other hand

The long-standing sand mining problem in Poyang Lake

This also deepened the riverbed of Poyang North Lake.

This is also to a certain extent

Exacerbated drought

(Sand transport ship and sand mining ship, photographer @泽雷)

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As a result, the wetland vegetation area is gradually decreasing.

The once vibrant winter wetlands

Continuing to suffer trauma

(The lake bottom exposed during the dry season, photographed at Xinjian Heng Lake; the increasing dryness year after year will cause the rich lake wetlands to gradually shrink. Photographer @沈俊峰)

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then

A targeted project

Poyang Lake Water Conservancy Project

Planning to implement

In simple terms

It is between Poyang Lake and the Yangtze River.

A large sluice gate

Flood season

The floodgates are opened, connecting rivers and lakes

To prevent flood disasters

Dry season

The sluice gate opens and closes dynamically to control the water level

To alleviate drought

So as to achieve drought regulation without flood regulation

(Distribution diagram of the planned Poyang Lake water conservancy hub project, drawn by @陈志浩/Planet Research Institute)

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But the reality is

Not as simple as imagined

New developments always bring new problems

When the water level rises again in winter

A number of existing lakeside grasslands will be submerged

The vegetation pattern of the winter wetlands will change

This may affect the diet of wintering migratory birds for a period of time.

(White Crane, photographed in Duchang, photographer @春晓)

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What's more serious is

The location of the project will become a hub for water transportation

Noise from a large number of ships

It will make the timid finless porpoises afraid to approach

In addition, the construction of the project has compressed this area.

Space for aquatic life migration channels

The migration of finless porpoises and some fish will be affected

also

There are more unpredictable problems that may arise

(Finless porpoise, photographed in Yangzizhou, Nanchang, photographer @廖士清)

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Hope in the future

We will find a better solution

After all, our

Ecological awareness is also developing

Science and technology are also developing

at this point

On the governance of other issues in Poyang Lake

There is already good evidence

For example, fishing due to electric grids, overfishing, etc.

The resulting depletion of fishery resources and damage to biodiversity

Spring fishing ban

And actively respond to the comprehensive fishing ban in the Yangtze River

(The exposed lake bottom and stranded fishing boats, taken in Duchang, photographer @傅建斌)

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For example, for residential, agricultural and industrial water discharge

Water pollution caused by

Strict control of sewage treatment

And build a hydrological ecological station

(Sheshan Island in Duchang, on which the Poyang Lake Hydro-ecological Monitoring Research Base of the China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research is built, photographer @陶进)

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This is

The changing Poyang Lake

It gave birth to life and benefited mankind.

I also hope that in the future

It can continue to be vibrant

(Please watch in horizontal mode, a night heron and a pair of white egrets, photographed in Xiangshan Forest Park, Xinjian District, Nanchang, photographer @葛红兵)

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This article was created by

Written by | Shanyuelou

Editor | Director, Yunwukongcheng

Photos | Long Shijie, Qin Nan

Map | Chen Zhihao

Design | Long Yanling

Proofreading | Zuokou, Shaoshao, Zheng Yi

Head photo and cover photographer: Liao Hao

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[4] Wang Xiaolong, Xu Jinying (eds.). Atlas of Poyang Lake Wetland Plants[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2016.12.

[5] Li Linchun, ed. Illustrated Guide to Chinese Fishes[M]. Taiyuan: Shanxi Science and Technology Press, April 2015.

[6] Xie Dongming, Zhou Yangming, Qian Haiyan. Research on the Poyang Lake Wetland Complex Ecosystem[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 2018.11.

[7] Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Culture, History and Learning Committee, ed. Li Huadong, ed. Poyang Lake Culture Chronicle [M]. Nanchang: Jiangxi People's Publishing House, 2014.11.

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Planetary Research Institute

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