If a giant planet hits the Earth in 100 years, where will humanity go?

The probability of this assumption is extremely small, close to zero. But let's imagine that this is just a brain hole.

Humans currently do not have the ability to resist the impact of planetary bodies. Will we have this ability in 100 years? I think it is impossible. The only way is to escape and escape from the earth to escape. If such a disaster comes now, we cannot escape and can only wait for death, and there is no chance at all.

Because humans currently have no ability to migrate to the stars, even if there happens to be a spaceship that can carry a few people to escape, how far can they escape? So far, only 12 people have set foot on the moon. Even if they hide on the moon, facing such a huge collision, the moon will not be spared.

Besides, today's spacecraft can only carry a few days or months of supplies. After eating, drinking and breathing, won't we die of starvation, thirst or suffocation? Therefore, if it hits now, there is no doubt that the whole world will be destroyed. A planetary collision, especially a giant planet collision, will destroy the earth and merge with the colliding star, and any life form will disappear.

Even 100 years later, it would be impossible to push the entire Earth to escape as described in the movie “The Wandering Earth”. Only some people can escape by spaceship, and the probability of escape is not high.

How to escape?

Humans are currently unable to fly out of the solar system, but they have to consider the fragility of the Earth's ecology. If a major natural disaster occurs, humans are likely to perish, so they are constantly looking for the other two "holes" of the "cunning rabbit's three holes" in the solar system. After searching for a long time, only Mars among the eight planets is closest to the environment of the Earth, but this closest is only relative.

Of the eight planets in the solar system, Venus is the closest to the Earth. Although it has a dense atmosphere, it is all carbon dioxide, and the greenhouse effect has turned it into a purgatory. The surface temperature of Venus reaches 480 degrees (Celsius, the same below); the atmospheric pressure is 92 times that of the Earth, equivalent to the pressure under a thousand meters of water; there is no water there, but it rains, and it is all concentrated sulfuric acid.

Mercury is too close to the sun and has no atmosphere. The temperature on the sun-facing side reaches 427 degrees, and the temperature on the dark side drops to minus 173 degrees. It is also the smallest planet, slightly larger than the moon, but not as large as Titan, the largest satellite in the solar system. The others are gas giants with no solid surface, making it impossible to land on them, let alone immigrate.

Mars is similar to Earth in several ways: both are terrestrial planets with a rocky shell; their axial inclination and obliquity are similar to Earth's, so they also have four seasons; and their rotation period is about 24 hours, 37 minutes, and 22.7 seconds, which is also about the same as Earth's 24 hours. Other than that, there aren't many similarities.

Mars has a mass of only about one-ninth that of Earth, and a gravity of about two-fifths of Earth; it has a thin atmosphere, about 1% of Earth's, and it is all carbon dioxide, with almost no oxygen; the temperature difference between day and night is about 100 degrees, with the temperature at the equator reaching around 27 degrees during the day in summer and dropping sharply to around minus 73 degrees at night; the soil is rich in iron and sulfur, is inorganic, and cannot be used for planting; there is water on Mars, but it is all in the form of frozen water gathered at the poles or buried underground.

It seems that if the "delicate" humans arrive on Mars without protection, they will suffocate to death, freeze to death, die of thirst, be killed by radiation from the sun and cosmic rays, die from osteoporosis caused by low gravity, etc. Therefore, for humans, Mars is actually a terrifying planet. We will only immigrate there because there is really no other way but to continue our seeds and allow civilization to survive longer.

At first, only astronauts or scientific explorers can reach there under the protection of special equipment, use modern technology to build radiation-proof enclosed living areas, and develop indoor farms before they can start to migrate. To form large-scale migration, it is also necessary to develop mature and convenient giant transport spacecraft and develop fuel on Mars for the spacecraft to return.

So can this be done 100 years from now? Can escaping to Mars help us escape disaster?

It depends on where the impact comes from.

The so-called giant planet hitting the earth is a logical problem. According to the law of universal gravitation, the magnitude of gravity is proportional to mass, which means that the greater the mass of a celestial body, the greater its gravity. If a giant planet collides with the earth, it is not the giant planet that hits the earth, but the earth is attracted to the giant planet and hits the giant planet.

There are four gas giants in the solar system, namely Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. Their masses are approximately 318 times, 95 times, 14.5 times and 17.2 times that of the Earth, respectively. They are all located on the periphery of the solar system. If these planets deviate from their current established orbits and thus pull the Earth over, then Mars will be even closer to them, and it may be Mars that will be destroyed first.

Thus, the plan to escape to Mars was ruined.

If a wandering interstellar giant planet breaks into the solar system, it should also come from the outside to the inside, and it is hard to say whether it will destroy the outer planets first. However, what is certain is that if such a giant planet really breaks into the solar system, it will cause perturbations in the orbits of all planets, and the earth will also do a "swing dance", which is terrible and will cause drastic changes in the earth's climate and geological activities. Humans will not even wait for the impact to occur and will die in huge natural and geological disasters.

If Mars is gone, where can humans escape to?

Some scientists have suggested that Mercury is also a place for immigration.

Scientists have discovered through their research on Mercury in recent years that there may be a large amount of permafrost at the poles of Mercury. At the bottom of the polar ring impact craters, there are some dark areas that the sun never shines on. Since Mercury has no atmosphere, solar radiation cannot be transmitted there, so the ice there will never melt.

It is estimated that the total amount of water ice on Mercury is about 10 to the 15th to 16th power kilograms, or about 1 to 10 trillion tons. This is the basic condition for human survival. As long as there is water, oxygen and hydrogen can be electrolyzed. There is water to drink, and there is also gas and energy to breathe. With energy, we can use the mineral resources on Mercury to make many things that support human survival.

Scientists believe that there is a constant temperature area at the poles of Mercury, about minus 200 degrees Celsius. Through human activities, it can be heated to a comfortable temperature and transformed into a colony suitable for human habitation.

In addition, scientists suspect that there may be life on some of the satellites of some large planets in the solar system, such as Titan and Europa. However, this has not been confirmed. Even if there is some kind of life on these satellites, its form is too different from the life on our Earth. For example, the surface temperature of Titan is about minus 179 degrees Celsius, there is no water and oxygen, but it rains heavily and accumulates into lakes and seas. These rainwater and liquid oceans are not liquid water, but methane liquefied at extremely low temperatures.

Therefore, even if there is life on Titan, it can only rely on alkyl life that absorbs methane. Immigrating to satellites like this is even more difficult.

How many people can escape in 100 years?

Human civilization is still at a very low stage. According to Kardashev's theory of cosmic civilization, cosmic civilization is divided into three levels. If you reach level one civilization, you can control the earth; if you reach level two civilization, you can control the solar system; if you reach level three civilization, you can control the entire Milky Way.

The standard for classifying civilization levels is based on the energy controlled and consumed by the civilization. My understanding is that humans must at least reach level one civilization before they can begin to migrate in the solar system. According to calculations, human civilization is only level 0.73, not even level one. Some scientists believe that it will take about 200 years for humans to reach level one civilization; at least 5,000 years to reach level two civilization; it is impossible to calculate to reach level three civilization, and it may take more than 100 million years, or even more than 1 billion years.

But if a giant planet really collides with the Earth in 100 years, the direction of human civilization development will change from now on. All technologies will be used to escape from the Earth within 100 years. In this way, it is possible that within 100 years, the ability of interstellar travel immigrants will reach the level of first-level civilization.

But in any case, it is unlikely that all human beings can escape within 100 years. It would be great if we can build a city with a population of 1 million on Mars as Musk has claimed. If we can build another city with a population of 1 million on Mercury, only 2 million people can escape from the earth and survive.

Of course, the premise is that Mars and Mercury will not be destroyed in this collision.

The question is, will the proletariat of the world allow this plan of a small number of elites to escape and leave the vast majority of people on Earth to die? Therefore, it is more likely that a world war will be triggered in order to compete for tickets to escape, and the world will be in chaos. In the end, before the impact comes, it is very likely that mankind will destroy itself.

What do you think? Welcome to discuss and comment.

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