What "black technology" is hidden in the space breeding greenhouse? Click here to find out

What greenhouses are used in the selection and production of new aerospace breeding varieties? What is special about these greenhouses? In the core demonstration base of aerospace breeding in Tongzhou, Beijing, rows of tall and neat modern greenhouses come into view, and the fruits and vegetables planted are growing well. Today, let's walk into the semi-enclosed smart greenhouse full of "black technology" and find out together!

Semi-enclosed smart greenhouse

Semi-enclosed intelligent greenhouses are mainly used for soilless cultivation . The main crops grown are tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, lettuce, etc. The main features of the greenhouse are the use of intelligent control, automatic control and structural advantages.

How to provide nutrients

Since it is soilless cultivation, how to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth? In the semi-enclosed intelligent greenhouse, the plants are suspended and cultivated using coconut bran as the substrate using soilless cultivation technology. Two-arrow drop-arrow irrigation is inserted into the substrate, and water and fertilizer are controllable, precise irrigation, and uniform dripping are beneficial to improving crop quality and yield. Various nutrient detection probes are combined with automatic control devices to regulate the appropriate temperature, element ratio, dissolved oxygen content, pH value (hydrogen ion concentration index), etc. of the nutrient solution to ensure rapid growth of plants.

Cultivation medium

Tomatoes grown in a semi-enclosed smart greenhouse

How to pollinate naturally

How to restore the natural pollination process in a semi-enclosed environment? This requires the help of pollinating bumblebees. Bumblebees are adapted to greenhouse environments and have strong pollination abilities. Taking tomatoes as an example, using bumblebees to pollinate the flowers of plants can not only improve the quality of single tomato fruits, but also reduce the rate of deformed fruits, improve fruit quality, and avoid problems such as hormone pollution caused by the use of chemical pollination.

Bumblebee hive

How to provide a plant growth environment

Adequate light, constant temperature and humidity, and appropriate carbon dioxide concentration are necessary conditions for the normal growth of plants. In a semi-enclosed smart greenhouse, these conditions are controlled by multiple automated intelligent systems:

01 Lighting Control

The ridge glass has high light transmittance and high scattering properties, so that there is sufficient light in every angle of the greenhouse; when the light is too strong, the electric curtain shading system on the top of the greenhouse is turned on to prevent the interior of the greenhouse from being exposed to strong sunlight.

And the temperature is too high.

The greenhouse is equipped with an electric curtain on the top

When there is insufficient natural light, the greenhouse will automatically turn on the supplementary lighting system, and the LED lights or high-pressure sodium lamps will be turned on to ensure the normal photosynthesis of the plants. The color of the light is determined by the variety of plants grown.

The supplementary lighting system can improve the lack of natural light in the greenhouse

02 Temperature Control

An internal shading and two-layer insulation system are installed inside the greenhouse to reduce the temperature in summer and keep warm in winter, ensuring the normal growth of crops and reducing energy consumption costs. When the indoor temperature is high, the external dry hot air passes through the wet curtain wall under the action of the fan, and the temperature is reduced, and then enters the greenhouse, achieving the purpose of quickly lowering the indoor temperature.

Temperature control ensures normal growth of crops

Tomatoes grown in a semi-enclosed smart greenhouse

At the same time, the greenhouse floor is also paved with heating pipes, which can provide heating for the greenhouse in winter. Don't underestimate this device, it is not only a heating pipe, but also can be used as a picking vehicle track.

Workers hanging tomato seedlings

03 Humidity Control

How to control humidity? The greenhouse is equipped with a high-pressure spray system. When the system detects that the air humidity in the greenhouse is low, it will automatically turn on the high-pressure spray system. The atomized water evaporates and absorbs heat. It can also effectively cool down and remove dust while humidifying.

The greenhouse is equipped with a high-pressure spray system

04 Carbon dioxide concentration control

Plants need sufficient carbon dioxide to grow. The carbon dioxide replenishment system can automatically maintain a balanced and stable carbon dioxide level in the greenhouse at 400ppm, allowing plants to develop root systems, grow luxuriant branches and leaves, and increase production and income.

Air supply system makes plants flourish

How to achieve air circulation

The greenhouse uses a natural ventilation system and an air circulation system to ensure air circulation. The top of the greenhouse is equipped with an automatic window opening ventilation mechanism and a folding insect-proof net to open the top window, so that the air inside and outside the greenhouse can form convection, achieving the effect of dehumidification, cooling and insect prevention; multiple internal circulation fans are set inside the greenhouse to automatically adjust the temperature, relative humidity and carbon dioxide distribution in the greenhouse to ensure balance and promote air flow.

Lettuce grown in a semi-enclosed smart greenhouse

How to Reduce Pests

In the semi-enclosed smart greenhouse, some yellow sticky insect boards are hung. The mosquitoes are attracted to the yellow light and are attracted to the yellow light. This can reduce the impact of insect pests on plants, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and provide a better growth environment for plants.

Sticky insect boards hanging in the greenhouse

As the "chosen seed", the most difficult part of space breeding is not "going up to the sky" but "going down to the ground". How about it! After reading this, do you have a better understanding of the semi-enclosed intelligent greenhouse used in the selection and production of new varieties of space breeding?