The temperature has dropped sharply, so don’t be stubborn about wearing long johns anymore. Pay attention to the four principles of keeping warm!

According to the Central Meteorological Observatory, from November 4 to 6, a new wave of cold air will affect most areas of central and eastern my country from north to south. The temperature in most parts of my country will drop by 4~6℃. Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Jianghuai and other places will drop by 8~10℃, and locally by more than 10℃.

As low temperatures approach, please add clothes to keep warm and take precautions against the following diseases.

Respiratory diseases:

Asthma and COPD should be paid attention to when the temperature drops

Cold weather can cause adverse stimulation to the human airway, weakening the resistance of the respiratory tract, making it easy for viruses or bacteria to invade, and can easily induce various respiratory diseases such as influenza, pneumonia, asthma, etc.

Therefore, when the temperature drops suddenly, patients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are prone to recurrence or worsening of their illness.

suggestion:

People with weak constitutions should try to reduce going out in cold weather. When going out, they can wear a mask, add more clothes, and pay attention to keeping the head, chest, back and feet warm to avoid catching cold.

Digestive system diseases:

"Old stomach problems" are more likely to occur in cooling weather

When the weather turns cold, gastrointestinal diseases are prevalent because the stimulation of low temperature can cause capillary contraction, affecting gastric acid secretion and gastric blood circulation, thereby causing acute gastric cramps, gastric ulcers, gastroenteritis and other gastrointestinal diseases.

suggestion:

People with stomach problems should pay special attention to keeping warm in winter, add or remove clothes in time according to climate changes to prevent the abdomen from getting cold. In terms of diet, you should also pay attention to warming the stomach, drink more hot water, eat less cold food, and eat on time.

Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases

Temperature drops suddenly, beware of myocardial infarction and cerebral infarction

In cold seasons, the burden on the heart and brain increases, and blood viscosity tends to increase, which can easily induce diseases such as angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and stroke.

suggestion:

In autumn and winter, you should pay attention to keeping warm, monitor your blood pressure regularly, and use medication to control your blood pressure properly. If you experience symptoms such as chest tightness, dull pain, or palpitations, even if the attack is very short, you should pay special attention to it and seek medical treatment in time.

There are often some early signs before a stroke occurs, such as temporary visual impairment, frequent yawning, or even numbness or weakness on one side of the limbs, numbness on one side of the face or crooked corner of the mouth, slurred speech or difficulty understanding language. Anyone who has these symptoms must pay attention and go to the hospital for a comprehensive examination as soon as possible.

Bone and joint diseases

Cold weather leads to more fractures

As the temperature drops, blood vessels contract, muscles and ligaments become less flexible, and joint protection weakens. A little carelessness during exercise can cause joint damage and fractures. Cold stimulation may also induce low back pain, muscle spasms, etc.

suggestion:

We remind everyone, especially the elderly, to reduce travel in cold weather. When traveling, it is best to be accompanied by someone or use a walking stick, etc. Do not wear slippery plastic-soled shoes. When exercising outdoors, try to avoid stagnant water or icy roads. When exercising indoors, you should also fully warm up, stretch your limbs, and "warm up".

Keeping warm in late autumn can effectively prevent cold and disease. Especially for middle-aged and elderly people, it is particularly important to keep the joints, head, neck, mouth and nose, waist, abdomen and feet warm.

Image from One Foundation Warmth Package Project

So, how should we dress to better keep out the cold and keep warm?

Remember 4 principles

1. Soft and close-fitting underwear: The underwear you wear does not need to be too thick. Soft and close-fitting materials are the best. Otherwise, it will not only reduce comfort, but also increase the flow of air in the clothes, which will make the warmth retention worse. In addition, the underwear should be longer, pay attention to the connection at the waist, and the top should cover the waist, so as to effectively prevent the waist and abdomen from getting cold.

2. The middle layer should be loose and heat-retaining: The middle layer should have good thermal insulation properties, preferably loose, not too tight. Wool, cashmere or pure cotton thermal insulation clothes are good choices.

3. The windproof jacket should be closed: With the above two layers of clothing, a windproof jacket is more than enough to cope with the windy weather in autumn. It should be noted that the windproof jacket should not be too loose, otherwise it will be easy for the wind to penetrate. It is best to have a closed design on the collar, cuffs, waist, ankles, etc. of the jacket to prevent cold air from entering.

4. Don't forget to keep your head, neck and feet warm: In addition to keeping warm in clothes, hats and scarves are also essential. Because the head and neck being cold may cause blood vessel contraction and neck muscle spasm, which is not good for blood vessel health. The legs are the focus of keeping warm in autumn and winter. If the lower limbs are well kept warm, the whole body will feel warm. When the temperature drops, we can change into high-top thick-soled shoes, which are not only warm but also more comfortable.