Can't stop having fun in the snow? Here are some emergency tips to keep in mind →

Winter vacation overlaps with the Spring Festival. With the opening of major ski resorts and ice and snow entertainment facilities, ice and snow travel has become the first choice for many people's leisure vacation. Skiing is not only an exciting and interesting winter sport, but also a good way to enhance the relationship between family and friends and share happy times. However, while enjoying the speed and passion, we must always be vigilant about potential safety risks.

In order to allow everyone to happily embrace the ice and snow season, Miao Guobin, director of the emergency department and chief physician of the General Hospital of Emergency, will popularize skiing-related safety knowledge and emergency response methods.

Do a good job of " preparation " before skiing

Professional ski suits, helmets, goggles, knee pads, elbow pads and suitable skis are the basic equipment for skiing. Ski suits should not only have good warmth retention and waterproofness, but also be breathable and easy to move. Helmets and protective gear can effectively reduce damage to the head and limbs in the event of a fall. When choosing, make sure that the size is appropriate and comfortable to wear.

Skill training, safety first. Beginners should attend ski school training courses before skiing to learn the correct standing posture, turning skills, braking methods, etc. With the guidance of professional coaches, you can master skiing skills faster, ensure that you can freely control speed and direction on the ski slope, and reduce the probability of accidents.

Warm up fully to prevent injuries It is very important to do a full warm-up exercise before skiing. In particular, stretching the legs, waist and shoulders can effectively prevent muscle strains and joint sprains. In addition, you can also do some simple aerobic exercises such as brisk walking, jogging or skipping rope to improve your body's flexibility and endurance.

Self-assessment of physical condition People with heart disease, high blood pressure and other diseases should consult a doctor before skiing to ensure that their physical condition allows. At the same time, pay attention to whether you have a history of allergies and avoid using ski equipment or skin care products containing allergens.

Itinerary planning and equipment inspection Check the weather forecast in advance and plan your skiing time appropriately to avoid extreme weather affecting your safety. At the same time, check whether all equipment is intact, especially the fixings of the skis, whether the edges are sharp, and whether the length of the ski poles is appropriate. In addition, you should also prepare some commonly used first aid medicines and items, such as Band-Aids, disinfected cotton balls, tourniquets, etc.

Image source: Xinhua News Agency

Details determine safety during skiing

Sense of rules Strictly follow the rules Choose the appropriate ski slope according to your ability, do not enter the advanced slope or closed area without permission. Keep a proper distance when skiing to avoid collisions. At the same time, you must abide by the rules of the ski resort, such as not littering, not crossing the ski slope at will, etc.

Be sensitive to weather changes and pay attention to weather conditions at all times. Stop skiing in time when there is strong wind, heavy snow, or low visibility to avoid getting lost or having accidents. During skiing, pay attention to changes in the surrounding environment. If you encounter an emergency, ask the ski resort staff for help in time.

Speed ​​control should be done within your ability. Especially when going downhill, you should control your speed to avoid losing control due to excessive speed. Learn to use the ski poles and body center of gravity to adjust the speed and maintain a stable sliding posture. When turning and braking, pay attention to the balance of the body and the distribution of strength to avoid falling or injury.

Replenish water and energy to maintain skiing. Skiing is a sport that consumes a lot of physical energy, so timely replenishment of water and energy is crucial. During skiing, you should regularly replenish water and food, such as sports drinks, nuts, chocolate, etc. At the same time, avoid excessive drinking or consuming irritating foods, so as not to affect skiing results and physical health.

Emergency contact information is available. Carry a mobile phone with you and know the emergency rescue phone number and location of the ski resort. When skiing, you should always be alert and pay attention to changes in the surrounding environment. If you encounter danger or emergency, you should immediately contact the ski resort rescue personnel or call the emergency number, and explain the accident location and injuries in detail.

Five groups of people need to be cautious when skiing

For patients with cardiovascular disease, strenuous exercise may increase the burden on the heart and cause danger. Therefore, patients with cardiovascular disease should consult a doctor before skiing to ensure that their physical condition allows. During skiing, pay attention to controlling the speed and intensity to avoid overexertion.

The impact and twisting of patients with joint diseases during skiing may aggravate joint injuries. Patients with joint diseases should assess their physical condition before skiing and choose appropriate skiing equipment and skills. During skiing, they should pay attention to protecting their joints to avoid overuse or injury.

There are many uncertainties in the process of skiing for pregnant women, so pregnant women should avoid participating. If pregnant women have the need or interest in skiing, they can do some simple snow activities under the guidance of professionals, such as walking or taking pictures.

Skiing requires a certain level of physical coordination and balance for those who lack a basic sports foundation or have a poor sense of balance. Beginners should train and learn under the guidance of professionals to gradually improve their skiing skills and physical coordination. During skiing, pay attention to maintaining balance and stability to avoid falling or getting injured.

People who have not recovered from surgery or injuries should avoid skiing. If you must participate in skiing activities, you should do so under the guidance of a doctor and choose appropriate skiing equipment and skills. When skiing, you should pay attention to protecting the injured part to avoid further injury.

Scientific rescue is the key to emergency response

Quick and accurate assessment of injuries During skiing, if an accidental fall or injury occurs, the first thing to do is to determine whether the injured person is conscious and whether there are obvious signs of bleeding or fractures. For those who are unconscious or seriously injured, call the emergency number immediately and seek professional help.

Professional operation of hemostasis and bandage For open wounds, you should immediately apply pressure with clean cloth to stop bleeding and apply a simple bandage. During the bandaging process, pay attention to keeping the wound clean and dry to avoid infection. If the wound is deep or bleeding does not stop, you should seek medical treatment in time.

When a fracture is suspected, do not move the injured limb at will. Use items such as splints or skis for temporary fixation to reduce movement and pain at the fracture site. During the fixation process, pay attention to keeping the injured person comfortable and stable to avoid secondary injuries.

Maintain body temperature to prevent hypothermia When skiing in a cold environment, pay attention to maintaining body temperature. If the injured person shows symptoms of hypothermia or hypothermia, they should be immediately transferred to a warm environment and given appropriate warming measures. At the same time, pay attention to observe the injured person's vital signs and changes in condition, and seek medical treatment in time.

Ask for help quickly and clearly state your needs. If you encounter danger or emergency during skiing, you should immediately contact the ski resort rescue personnel or call the emergency number. When asking for help, you should provide detailed information such as the accident location, injuries, and required rescue materials so that rescue personnel can arrive at the scene quickly and provide professional rescue.

Pay attention

Avoid these first aid pitfalls

Misconception 1: Randomly moving the injured person. For the injured person who may have a fracture, moving them without fixing them may cause fracture dislocation or aggravate the injury. Before moving the injured person, the injured limb should be fixed first, and the injured person should be kept comfortable and stable during the moving process.

Myth 2: Blindly massaging or applying heat For soft tissue injuries such as sprains or muscle strains, blindly massaging or applying heat may aggravate swelling and pain. In the early stages of injury, cold compresses and pressure bandages should be used to reduce swelling and pain. In the later stages of injury, appropriate massage and hot compresses can be performed according to the doctor's advice to promote recovery.

Myth 3: Ignoring head and neck injuries. Head and neck injuries during skiing are often more serious. Even if it seems to be no big deal, you should seek medical attention immediately. Before seeking medical attention, pay attention to keeping the injured person's airway open and stabilizing vital signs. For patients with suspected cervical spine injuries, they should be protected with a neck brace or other fixing device, and avoid moving them at will.

Myth 4: Taking painkillers on your own before the injury is clear may mask the true symptoms and delay treatment. After the injury, you should immediately seek medical attention and undergo a comprehensive physical examination to clarify the injury. Use medication reasonably under the guidance of a doctor to relieve pain and promote recovery.

Myth 5: Improper warming. Maintaining proper body temperature is crucial, but over-warming may lead to overheating and affect injury recovery. Pay attention to the selection and timing of warming measures during skiing. For the injured, they should choose appropriate warming measures according to their physical condition and injuries, and avoid discomfort and complications caused by over-warming.

This group of articles/Mo Peng (Emergency General Hospital)

Source: Beijing Youth Daily