International Energy Agency: Global Electric Vehicle Outlook 2019 (232 pages)

The International Energy Agency (IEA) publishes a research report every year to explore the past development and future trends of electric vehicles.

The latest 2019 edition of the Global Electric Vehicle Outlook not only analyzes the past and future of the electric vehicle market, but also examines factors such as electric vehicle sales, ownership costs, charging facilities, energy consumption, carbon emissions, and battery raw material demand by 2030. It also explores the main challenges and solutions for the electrification of transportation.

Highlights of the report:

The number of electric vehicles is increasing rapidly. The number of light electric vehicles (including private cars) worldwide increased from 2 million in 2017 to 5.1 million in 2018. There are 260 million electric two-wheelers and 460,000 electric buses.

Government policies play a key role. Electric vehicle powerhouses such as China, the United States and Norway have adopted various measures to encourage the adoption of zero-emission vehicles, such as tightening fuel efficiency standards, supporting the construction of charging infrastructure, and providing subsidies and tax incentives to reduce the price of electric vehicles.

Technological advances have significantly reduced the cost of electric vehicles, mainly through improved battery design and increased production capacity.

The rising demand for electric vehicles and batteries means that the automotive industry has an increased need for new materials, so more attention needs to be paid to the supply of raw materials.

There are 5.2 million electric vehicle charging stations worldwide, in addition to 157,000 bus fast chargers.

Electric vehicles consumed about 58TWh of electricity in 2018 (mainly due to two-wheel electric vehicles in China) and emitted 41 million tons of carbon dioxide, 36 million tons less than the same number of fuel vehicles.

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