When people in their 50s or 60s go to the hospital for a physical examination, what items should they focus on?

More and more people are paying attention to their health and have regular physical examinations. However, Huazi found that many friends do not understand the "routine" of physical examinations. When choosing a physical examination "package", they may miss important items. As a result, they spend a lot of money but fail to achieve the purpose of health examinations.

1. It is recommended to choose a large comprehensive public hospital for physical examination. When friends have physical examination, it is recommended to choose a physical examination center of a large comprehensive public hospital. Because public hospitals are supervised by the Price Bureau, the charges will comply with national regulations, the pricing is transparent, and there will be no behavior of "attracting customers with low prices and then raising prices".

Moreover, large public hospitals are very strong. In order to maintain their technological advantages in the local area, they will upgrade and update various medical equipment and inspection reagents in a timely manner. Therefore, if you go to a large public hospital for a physical examination, you can get advanced medical services at a reasonable price.

There is another advantage. The physical examination centers in public hospitals are usually staffed by clinical doctors from the hospital on a rotating basis. Their professional skills are relatively high, and it is convenient to seek medical treatment once problems are detected.

2. Items that people in their 50s and 60s should focus on: People in their 50s and 60s are in the transition stage from middle age to old age, and should focus on screening for common chronic diseases to avoid complications from chronic diseases that affect their quality of life or shorten their life expectancy in old age.

1. Measure blood pressure: Choose different dates and measure blood pressure three times in the hospital. If it exceeds 140/90 mmHg, it will be diagnosed as hypertension. Hypertension is the main cause of damage to the heart, brain, kidneys, eyes and other organs. Once discovered, it must be actively controlled as soon as possible.

2. Blood test: Fasting blood sugar should be less than 6.1mmol/L, 2 hours after meal blood sugar should be less than 7.8mmol/L, and random blood sugar peak should not exceed 11.1mmol/L. Check the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level, which should be between 4% and 6%, reflecting the average blood sugar level in the last 2 to 3 months.

When checking blood lipids, the main focus is on the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The LDL-C of healthy people should be lower than 3.37mmol/L, and that of those at risk of cardiovascular disease should be lower than 2.6mmol/L. Also, check the level of triglycerides (TG), which should be below 1.7mmol/L.

Check blood creatinine. The blood creatinine level reflects the quality of kidney function. Normal blood creatinine for men should be lower than 133umol/L, and normal blood creatinine for women should be lower than 108umol/L. However, some hospitals have different reference standards, and the data may change slightly. Please refer to the reference data on the test report for specific details.

Check transaminases, including ALT and AST. If they are elevated, it means there is a problem with liver function. Check bilirubin, including direct bilirubin and indirect bilirubin, to see if there is hemolysis or abnormal liver and gallbladder function.

Check blood uric acid. Elevated uric acid may lead to gout and is also harmful to the cardiovascular system. Normal male blood uric acid levels should be lower than 420mmol/L, and normal female blood uric acid levels should be lower than 360mmol/L.

Check the blood routine and look at the white blood cells (WBC). An increase indicates bacterial infection in the body, while a decrease indicates low immune function. Check the red blood cells (RBC). An increase indicates hemoconcentration and possible dehydration; a decrease may indicate anemia. Check the platelets (PLT). A decrease indicates insufficient coagulation function; an increase indicates possible trauma, infection, or tumor.

3. Urinalysis: Urinalysis can check whether there is protein in urine, which reflects the good or bad kidney function. However, for those who already have hypertension or diabetes, it is recommended to add micro-urine protein test, which is more sensitive than urine test and can detect early kidney disease.

Check urine for occult blood. The number and shape of blood cells can be used to infer whether there is kidney disease. Check for casts. The presence of casts in urine is evidence of renal parenchymal lesions. Check urine for sugar. Normal people do not have sugar in their urine. People with sugar in their urine may have diabetes.

4. Color Doppler ultrasound examination: Check the carotid artery with color doppler ultrasound. If plaques are found, the size and texture of the plaques can be used to infer the condition of the whole body arterial system. Check the heart with color doppler ultrasound to see whether there are lesions in the heart structure, morphology, valves, etc.

Check the liver, gallbladder, spleen, gastrointestinal tract and pancreas with color Doppler ultrasound to examine the morphology of related organs, and perform preliminary cancer screening. Check the urinary system with color Doppler ultrasound to see if there are stones.

If the woman is a woman, she needs to do color ultrasound of the breast, uterus, ovaries, etc. If the man is a man, he needs to do color ultrasound of the prostate.

5. Imaging examination: For smokers, those who are exposed to secondhand smoke, or those who work in the kitchen for a long time, it is recommended that they undergo a low-dose spiral CT scan to screen for lung cancer. For those who suffer from hepatitis B or are alcoholics, it is recommended that they undergo an abdominal liver area CT scan to screen for liver cancer.

6. Gastroscopy and colonoscopy: If you have abdominal discomfort, it is recommended to do a gastroscopy; if you often have constipation, diarrhea, blood in the stool, tenesmus during defecation, or a foreign body sensation, it is recommended to do a colonoscopy.

7. Ophthalmological examination: It can not only check vision problems, but also infer the degree of progression of systemic arteriosclerosis by observing the degree of retinal arteriosclerosis in the fundus.

8. Oral examination: Check teeth and gums to maintain oral health.

9. Gynecological examination: Women need to undergo a gynecological examination and a cervical smear test to screen for cervical cancer.

In summary, people in their fifties and sixties should pay attention to their health. Have a health check-up every year to protect their health. The above are the common important physical examination items. In fact, according to the different situations of each person, the doctor will make targeted adjustments. I am pharmacist Huazi, welcome to follow me and share more health knowledge.