Don't be fooled! There are many "goofs" in space science fiction movies and TV shows

Recently, an Italian female astronaut released a photo comparing herself with the heroine in the movie Gravity in a similar scene, jokingly saying that the heroine's hair was not floating, which was a "goof" shot. In fact, many film and television works contain space shots, which use the laws of cosmic physics, but due to negligence or to highlight artistic effects, there are many plots and shots with serious "goofs". Let's take a look at those "goofs" shots. Have you ever been fooled?

Italian female astronaut released a photo comparing her and the heroine of the movie "Gravity" in a similar scene

Space blockbusters have low-level mistakes

We won’t go into detail about the “overwhelming” “goofs” involving space elements, including but not limited to the gravity “never disappearing” in ordinary spacecraft, the inconsistency of the remaining fuel in the spacecraft, forgetting the position of the sun, moon and stars during space exploration, and using earth creatures to simulate alien creatures without good special effects…

Take "Gravity" for example, some gossipers have summarized no less than 10 "goofs" in the film: when astronauts are walking in space, they can return by pulling the rope, and they will just float in place if they let go. There will be no strange gravity that "sucks the astronauts into the deep space"; the heroine does not wear liquid circulation cooling clothes and socks, in reality she would either be burned or frostbitten; the orbits of communication satellites and space stations are very different, so debris attacks are unlikely, and the same is true for astronauts flying into the space station from the Hubble Space Telescope, and they can't even see their destination; as for the "movement" of logos and stickers, perhaps it's a low-level shooting mistake.

The famous "hardcore" sci-fi blockbuster "The Martian" is also not without errors caused by artistic processing. The male protagonist is stranded on Mars and becomes a "space Robinson Crusoe". The direct reason is that he encountered a super Martian storm with wind speeds of up to 175 kilometers per hour, which almost destroyed the return rocket. The astronauts had to leave Mars early.

Everyone thinks that strong storms on Earth can bring great disasters, so the frequent sandstorms on Mars should also be very destructive, right? In fact, this is not the case.

The density of Mars' atmosphere is barely 1% of that of Earth, so the spacecraft envisioned to land on Mars needs the help of rockets or bouncing airbags to land safely and softly. In this process, parachutes can only play an auxiliary role because the air on Mars is thin and the resistance they "contribute" is too small.

The "catastrophic storm" in the movie had high wind speeds, but the wind speed was probably only equivalent to a breeze on Earth, and it was not worth worrying about at all. This was probably the biggest "goof" in the entire movie. As for growing crops on Mars, with the technological breakthroughs of space planting factories in the future, it is worth a try.

Ant-Man contains a big bug

Thoughts can be profound, souls can soar, but the body has fixed physical limitations, and height, weight, and size cannot be changed instantly. However, in literature or film and television, limitations are often broken. If it is fantasy, it is acceptable, but if it is science fiction, it is a bit embarrassing.

In the Marvel movie Ant-Man, Ant-Man showed off his unique ability to change size at will as soon as he appeared on the screen, and he also promoted a certain scientific basis: shortening the distance between atoms. This sounds reasonable, but the audience is better not to "think deeply", otherwise they will encounter many confusions that are difficult to explain with normal cosmic laws and physical knowledge.

First, according to the plot setting, Ant-Man uses the "Ant-Man Suit" to reduce the distance between the atoms in the human body, and becomes only the size of an ant. The problem is that the mass of the atoms has not changed, and the protagonist will still maintain the weight of a normal adult. Therefore, the ant colony cannot lift Ant-Man, who weighs more than 10,000 times more than himself, and Ant-Man cannot sneak into the Avengers base on a flying insect. Similarly, after large things such as cars are reduced in size, the mass of atoms cannot be changed, and people cannot easily put them in their pockets or bags.

Secondly, Ant-Man's weight remains the same after shrinking, so his muscle density is probably difficult to estimate, at least it is stronger than steel! With this muscle density, it is difficult for humans to perform normal movements. If the plot setting is fine here, it will cause new problems: with such a high-density body, Ant-Man should be able to easily penetrate the opponent like a bullet, but nothing happened. Is it because Ant-Man has an "anti-gold finger"?

Finally, according to Hawking's theory: "Wormholes are everywhere around us, but they are so small that only elementary particles can pass through." At the end of the movie, the protagonist keeps shrinking until it reaches the subatomic level, which should be the result of entering a wormhole. The important question is, when the protagonist is at the subatomic size, how should he breathe? You know, in front of the protagonist at this moment, oxygen atoms are also considered "giants", and it is impossible for them to be sucked into the body that has shrunk to the subatomic level. I'm afraid it can only be explained by the "unclear but impressive" plot setting of "quantum transformation".

Can "Tenet" really be frozen to death by fire?

Director Nolan's "Tenet" created a spectacle of light and shadow, boldly using the principles of space and time in the universe, with time travellers fighting against time travellers, which shocked and amazed the audience. However, some of the film's impressive scenes left many viewers "puzzled", especially the magical scene where the protagonist was nearly frozen to death by fire after a car accident. So what is the scientific basis behind this? Will it happen in the real universe?

People are frozen to death by the fire because the film introduces the concept of entropy: in a closed system, entropy must increase over time. This is a basic law of physics. However, if there is a larger system outside of an open local system, entropy can be reduced.

To put it simply, this is why people can stay alive: to stay alive, the heart must be beating, the brain must be thinking, etc. People are in an open environment and replenish negative entropy by eating to make the body "more orderly."

As time goes by, heat will spontaneously transfer from the high temperature part to the low temperature part, and eventually reach the thermal balance of the whole system. From a macroscopic point of view, the temperature of different parts of the system is consistent. This is the so-called "entropy increase principle". According to this principle, when time flows backwards, an entropy reduction system appears, that is, heat transfers from the low temperature to the high temperature, resulting in the strange phenomenon that the fire becomes colder as it burns.

The problem is that the time travel described in the movie is almost impossible to achieve, because it is impossible to form a closed system in the macroscopic world that does not communicate with the outside world.

In the movie, the protagonist is in the forward time, and comes to the entropy reduction space of the reverse time through the revolving door, and finds that the car is driving backwards, the bullets are flying in the opposite direction, and all the movements are reversed. Since the human body's metabolism is carried out in the forward time, if the world outside the human body is in the reverse time, it is equivalent to the person getting older normally, but the world outside the clothes is getting younger and younger. In this case, the two kinds of "universe time and space" should be separated by an interface, but the human body is a multi-particle system, how to separate them? Therefore, this plot design is almost impossible to establish in the macroscopic system.