How can high school and college entrance examination candidates protect themselves from "double positive"? This protection guide is for all candidates

The annual college entrance examination and high school entrance examination have begun. However, topics related to "two Yang" have frequently appeared on hot searches. In this important month of the high school entrance examination and college entrance examination, students are facing the "big test of life". Candidates and parents, how to protect themselves at the critical moment? Let's watch together!

What are the symptoms of “two yangs”?

Tan Xiaodong, a professor at the School of Public Health of Wuhan University, said that the clinical manifestations of this round of novel coronavirus infection, whether it is the first infection or the second infection, are relatively similar, mainly sore throat, cough and fever. And from an overall perspective, the symptoms of "second positive" are milder than those of "first positive", and the proportion of severe cases is relatively low. Especially for healthy teenagers without underlying diseases, they are mainly asymptomatic or mild, manifested as upper respiratory tract symptoms, and the course of the disease is also short, so the majority of candidates and parents do not need to worry too much.

"From current clinical observations, the symptoms of recent COVID-19 infections are relatively mild. In addition, high school students are not a high-risk group and there are antibodies in their bodies after previous vaccinations. Therefore, even if they are infected with COVID-19, it will not be a big deal. Candidates and parents do not need to worry too much." said Li Guangxi, chief physician of the Respiratory Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.

"The symptoms of 'Er Yang' are very mild. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, it is a wind-heat cold and presents the characteristics of a wind-heat cold." Liu Qingquan, director of the Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, analyzed that now that many places are turning from spring to summer and the weather is gradually getting hotter, diseases caused by wind-heat will increase.

Wang Guiqiang, director of the infectious disease department at Peking University First Hospital, said that after a large number of people were infected at the end of last year, there is still effective protection, so even if they are infected again, their symptoms are generally mild. The course of the disease is also shorter, and the duration and degree of fever are lighter than the initial infection. Of course, these are different for each individual, and each person feels different, but overall, it is generally lighter than the initial infection.

Is a sore throat “Er Yang”?

Recently, many people have experienced sore throats and are worried that they may have been infected with the novel coronavirus for the second time. In this regard, Wang Guiqiang, director of the Department of Infectious Diseases at Peking University First Hospital, believes that there are many reasons for sore throats, and we need to find out the cause and treat it objectively. "In fact, there are many reasons for sore throats, including the novel coronavirus and influenza, as well as many bacterial infections. We need to treat them differently. If it is the novel coronavirus, we should treat it as the novel coronavirus. If it is a bacterial infection, antibiotics can be used if necessary," said Wang Guiqiang.

Wang Guiqiang said that actually sore throat is a common manifestation of upper respiratory tract infection. Everyone is the same, whether it is influenza virus or new coronavirus, or other bacterial infections, including mycoplasma and chlamydia, there will be sore throat, because the upper respiratory tract throat is a portal, so any infection, whether it is virus or bacteria, it will affect the upper respiratory tract and there will be some symptoms, so it is not unique to the new coronavirus. So everyone may react differently, some people are more sensitive, and after infection, sore throat, razor throat, etc., all appear, so everyone should treat it objectively, not necessarily the new coronavirus.

"Currently, some patients with colds and fevers are not caused by the new coronavirus, but by catching a cold. The temperature difference between morning and evening in the northern region is a bit large this year, so you need to add clothes in time. Staying in an air-conditioned room all the time will also cause headaches. Children in the southern region can increase their outdoor activity time appropriately." said Li Guangxi, chief physician of the Respiratory Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.

How should candidates protect themselves from “double positive”?

"The current new coronavirus infection is in an upward period. In order to minimize the impact of the new coronavirus infection on the physical and mental health of candidates, candidates should take good protection from now on and try their best to reduce the risk of infection." Tan Xiaodong, a professor at the School of Public Health of Wuhan University, said that candidates should pay attention to three aspects of protection in the near future.

First of all, we must protect ourselves. For example, we should measure our body temperature before going out, and tell parents and teachers in time if we feel unwell; try to go to and from school by walking, cycling or being picked up by parents to avoid contact with dense crowds; wear masks during activities in school, and try to keep a certain distance from others; try not to touch the handrails when going up and down the stairs, and avoid crowding when taking the elevator; wash hands before eating in the cafeteria, and do not eat face to face; if confirmed to be infected, we should rest in time, receive treatment on time, and strive to get through the course of the disease as soon as possible.

Secondly, you must strictly observe the surrounding environment and people. If you find that someone around you has symptoms such as coughing, runny nose or even fever, you must maintain social distance from them.

Finally, do not immediately think that you are "positive" and become nervous as soon as the relevant symptoms appear. Because other factors can also cause headaches, runny nose, coughs, and dry throats, such as catching a cold due to weather changes. Candidates should treat it with a normal mind and not add too much psychological burden to themselves.

In addition, candidates should also pay attention to improving their immunity. Tan Xiaodong suggested that candidates should do a moderate amount of outdoor activities every day, which can not only exercise the body and strengthen the physique, but also effectively divert their attention and eliminate the nervousness of taking the test.

Before the exam, you should eat a balanced diet and drink plenty of water. You should not be too busy reviewing and skip meals, nor should you overeat or eat spicy food to avoid irritating the digestive system. Don't stay up late before the exam, go to bed early and get up early, and maintain a good work and rest habit.

"To maintain a healthy diet, it is best to eat a light diet." Liu Qingquan, director of Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said that from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, colds caused by wind-heat are most likely to affect people with internal heat evil. Frequent consumption of oily, spicy, and salty foods will quickly accumulate heat in the body, making it easy to catch a cold or be infected with the new coronavirus. Therefore, the diet should be light, and the gastrointestinal tract should be kept clear to prevent gastrointestinal heat accumulation, and the chance of re-infection will decrease. Eat less fast food and drink less carbonated drinks. Children and adolescents have a yang-heat constitution. After eating fast food and drinking carbonated drinks frequently, heat will accumulate in the body, and the chance of infection with the new coronavirus will increase greatly.

What medicines should be prepared to deal with "double positive"?

"It takes about one month for the vaccine antibodies to take effect, so if you are trying to catch up with the college entrance examination, it is a bit late to get vaccinated. If you are approaching the college entrance examination and have symptoms of discomfort, you can take Chinese medicine with milder properties." said Li Guangxi, chief physician of the Respiratory Department of Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.

Wang Guiqiang, director of the infectious disease department at Peking University First Hospital, said that in addition to antipyretic and analgesic drugs, antiviral treatment is recommended for people at high risk of severe illness. The general population can also consider using antiviral drugs in the early stages to alleviate symptoms and shorten the course of the disease.

After the second infection, symptoms of wind-heat cold appear, such as sore throat, mild cough, low fever, etc., and the use of traditional Chinese medicine to treat wind-heat cold is very effective, such as heat-clearing, wind-dispersing and throat-clearing drugs. If people with low fever use these drugs, the systemic symptoms will gradually disappear.

No need for protection after “two positives”?

Taking personal protection at any time is the key to avoiding COVID-19 infection. Zhang Yu, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, pointed out that from the current situation, there are two main situations in which infected people appear. One is that people who have not been infected before become infected due to decreased immunity or contact with the source of infection; the other is that people who have been infected before, over time, have decreased levels of protective antibodies in their bodies and are infected when exposed again.

Regardless of the above situations, there are two common factors, that is, the level of autoantibodies is not enough to be exposed to the environment where the new coronavirus exists. Therefore, as long as we take precautions against these two aspects, it is entirely possible to avoid infection or delay infection as much as possible.

Source | CDC disease control personnel