"Harbin, you make me feel strange..." What kind of city is Harbin?

In winter, there is a kind of happiness called "I am in Harbin"

Harbin, the “Ice City”

Never miss our winter

(The big snowman in Harbin Music Gallery has a new style every year. This picture is the old style. Image source: @Visual China)

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Harbin is snowing and freezing cold

Seems to satisfy all your imagination

It can bring you the feeling of oppression of the end of the world.

(Please watch in horizontal mode, Harbin in freezing weather, photographer @全思明)

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It takes you into the castle.

Let you be a snow princess

(Saint Sophia Cathedral in winter, photographer @全思明)

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It can also take you to the magic academy

Let you be Harry Potter

(Harbin Volga Manor in winter, picture source: Visual China)

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If you walk into Harbin Ice and Snow World

Ice sculptures of various shapes are your dream kingdom

(Please watch in horizontal mode, Harbin Ice and Snow World in 2022, photographer @苏云鹏)

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Every winter

Harbin is fully prepared

To create dreams for us children who never grow up

This is the romance of Harbin

It can't escape the cold winter

Then embrace the winter

It can't fade away the frost

Then don't let the wind and frost soak into your soul

01

Freeze

About Harbin

People's first impression of it is

cold

Harbin

Located in the southern part of Heilongjiang Province, my country

Due to the high latitude

Winter in Harbin comes early and leaves late

From November to March of the following year, a period of 5 months

(Harbin location diagram, map by @Zhou Jinyu/Planetary Research Institute)

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In November, with the fierce cold wave

Harbin entered quick-freeze mode overnight

In a year, the average temperature is below 0℃ for more than 130 days.

The average temperature in January is around -20℃

(Average temperature in January in some parts of my country, drawn by @周晋宇&汉青/Planetary Research Institute)

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In the long winter

The flowing river is frozen

From top to bottom, the thickest part of the ice is more than 2 meters.

Thick ice imprisoned the river

(There is a section of the frozen Songhua River that is an ice-harvesting area for ice sculptures. The harvested ice blocks are piled on the ice surface, crystal clear. Photographer: @沈兆佳)

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More than just rivers

The cold winter seems to freeze everything

It freezes the grass and trees

Withered vegetation

It freezes the air

Water vapor condenses on tree branches, forming rime

(Rime, Wudalianchi, Heilongjiang, for illustration only, photographer @肖向昕)

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In the long winter

Snow is a frequent visitor to Harbin

When cold air moves southward and meets warm and humid air currents

The heavy snow began to fall

(Please watch in horizontal mode, snow scene in Harbin, photographer @陈刚)

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The snow keeps falling.

It covers the boundless wilderness

It covers the rolling hills

It covers the footprints of birds and beasts

(Shangzhi City, Harbin, China Snow Valley Wusong Ridge, picture source @Visual China)

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Even though there are thousands of miles of ice and snow

But the cold winter and ice and snow could not stop humans

Set foot on this land

Harbin has nurtured the development and growth of a nation.

The Sushen ancestors who lived here

Most of them make a living by fishing and hunting

(Winter fishing in the moonlight in Jilin Province, just for illustration, photographer @邱会宁)

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More than 1,000 years ago

A branch of the Sushen clan, the Jurchens established the Jin Dynasty

The capital was set in present-day Acheng District, Harbin

However, for Harbin

This brief brilliance is like a flash in the pan

The Jin Dynasty used Harbin as its initial base

When his power grew, he marched south and built a new capital.

(A bronze sitting dragon from the Jin Dynasty, unearthed at the site of Jin Shangjing Huiningfu in Acheng District, Harbin. Jin Shangjing was the early capital of the Jin Dynasty. After the Jin Dynasty moved its capital to present-day Beijing, it was downgraded to Huiningfu. Photographer: @丁俊豪, map by @汉青/星球研究院)

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Hundreds of years later

A branch of the Jurchens, the Manchus established the Qing Dynasty

The location of the capital city continued to move southward

After the capital was established in Beijing, in order to preserve the "Dragon's Rise Place"

The Northeast area outside Shanhaiguan was completely closed off.

Harbin during this period was just a small fishing village.

The magnificent history has not been given too much attention

It is nameless, it snows silently

However, the earth will not be frozen forever

It can also become a hot land

02

melt

When the cold and snow fade away

Harbin's unusual appearance

To fully display

On the endless plain

The fragrance of rice flowers

On the rolling hills

Lush forests

(Please watch in horizontal screen, rice fields in Wuchang City, Harbin, photographer @刘翔)

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Mountains and plains are interspersed here.

Between the plains and the mountains

The Songhua River is gurgling

(Sketch of Harbin's topography and water system, drawn by @Zhou Jinyu/Planetary Research Institute)

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The mighty river water rushes freely

The open river meets a sunny day

Or quiet blue

or golden light

Harbin is located on the banks of the Songhua River

It is like a " River City in the North "

(Please watch in horizontal mode, sunrise over Songhua River, photographer @肖向昕)

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Everything is flourishing, the river is roaring

This is the summer in Harbin

The average temperature in Harbin is only around 22℃ in July, the hottest month

Such a cool summer is enough to revitalize this land

There is a long-awaited harvest on the vast plains

The rushing river provides convenient water transportation

This treasure land is in urgent need of development

(Working in the rice fields in Harbin, photographer @肖向昕)

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In the late Qing Dynasty, under the situation of internal and external troubles

The imperial court gradually lifted the nearly 200-year-long ban on the Northeast

Shandong, Hebei and other places have suffered from famine for many years.

A large number of people from the interior of the country poured into this land.

This is the famous "Crossing Guandong" in history.

They headed north and came to the Songhua River.

Reclamation on the south bank of the Songhua River

Gradually a group of villages were formed.

(Autumn, the outskirts of Harbin, photographer @全思明)

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Poor countries are unable to protect this treasure

Then, the Russian Empire came

It expanded wildly and invaded our Far East

More than 1 million square kilometers of land

(Sketch of Tsarist Russia's invasion of Northeast China, drawn by @周晋宇/Planetary Research Institute)

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To facilitate expansion into the Far East

Tsarist Russia plans to build a railway across Siberia

The eastern section of the line will pass through my country

Not only can it shorten the distance, but also reduce the cost

Further profits can be gained through railways

In 1903, a "T"-shaped railway was laid in Northeast China.

Because it is located in the east of China, it is called the "Middle East Railway"

The railway line extends from east to west to the Sino-Russian border

Then it connects with foreign railways and can reach Moscow to the west.

The railway branch line not only runs through the three northeastern provinces

It also branches off in Shenyang and connects with the railway leading to the interior of the country.

Harbin is a key hub on this railway network.

However, this opportunity did not come by chance.

(A diagram of Harbin's transportation location in the early 20th century. Due to changes in the situation in Northeast China, in 1916, Tsarist Russia built a railway along the north bank of the Heilongjiang River through Khabarovsk to Vladivostok. This railway is now a section of the Trans-Siberian Railway. Map by @周晋宇/星球研究院)

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Most of the road construction materials are imported from abroad

Transport to various places by water

Harbin became a material transfer station due to the advantages of Songhua River water transportation.

Railways centered in Harbin

Construction is being carried out in three directions: east, west and south.

As a result, the railway line intersects in Harbin in an almost straight line.

For a time, Harbin became the water and land transportation center of the Far East.

The train rolls forward

Harbin has become the focus of competition among all parties on the hot land.

(The old and new bridges are in the same frame. The left one is the Songhua River Railway Bridge built in 1900, and the right one is the current Songhua River Bridge. Photographer: @陈子豪)

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First, immigrants from Tsarist Russia came

At the T-junction of the Middle East Railway

Harbin Railway Station

Russian officials, railway technicians and their families settled in this area

The transportation here is convenient and the location is superior

Because it is located on a high ground south of the Middle East Railway

Hence the name "Nangang"

(The Harbin Railway Station, which retains its century-old appearance, is now surrounded by tall buildings. Photographer: Liu Han)

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Here, the Russians regard themselves as "masters"

Modeled after Moscow

Choose a commanding point and build a church

The streets radiate outward from the church.

(Aerial photography of Hongbo Square and Hongjun Street in Nangang District, Harbin. The church at the roundabout in the middle has been destroyed. Photographer: @刘翔)

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In addition, the construction of the Middle East Railway brought a large demand for labor.

More and more people in the interior

Flocking to Harbin to make a living

With the increase of immigration

The south bank of the Songhua River has been extensively developed

Railway track as boundary

The east side is where the Chinese gather, called "Daowai"

The west side is where foreigners gather, called "Daoli"

Regular blocks seem to obscure Harbin

A mixed situation of Chinese and foreigners

(Harbin neighborhood in the 1920s, map by Zhou Jinyu/Planet Research Institute)

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Harbin has convenient transportation and a large crowd of people.

Becoming a "gold rush" for businessmen

1900

A Russian businessman came to Harbin and founded a

The multinational company "Qiu Lin Foreign Company" operates department stores

Russian food, such as sausage, bread, etc.

Take it to Harbin

(Harbin Red Sausage, Photographer @苏云鹏)

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Also in this year

Another Russian businessman founded a brewery in Harbin

This is the first Harbin Brewery

It is also the first brewery in my country.

Since then, the beer drinking gene has been deeply implanted in Harbin.

(Harbin Beer Festival, photographer @李国鹏)

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In Daoli, this place where foreigners gather

There is a central street

It was originally allocated for the Chinese diaspora to live in.

Foreign businessmen discovered the value of this street

They opened shops here

Rumadiel Hotel

It integrates catering, entertainment and accommodation.

One of the most luxurious hotels in the Far East

Its cold drink "Madiel Popsicle"

Traveling through a century, resonating with the tongues of diners from ancient times to the present

(Madiel Hotel and the cold drink room next to it. The "Madiel Hotel" in the article is the old name. Photographer: @陈刚)

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In addition to hotels, there are banks, jewelry stores, etc.

These stores merge into the exotic atmosphere on both sides of the street.

The road paved with "bread stones" is neat and bright

This fashionable street

It is one of the earliest commercial pedestrian streets in my country.

(The brightly lit Central Avenue, photographer @苏云鹏)

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In 1907, Harbin opened to trade.

Then the Germans came

The French are coming

The Italians are coming too

…

In Harbin

More than 20 countries have opened consulates here

There are expatriates from more than 30 countries living here

In the 1920s, the number of foreign expatriates was nearly 200,000

At one time, it accounted for more than half of Harbin’s total population.

(An old photo of Harbin Central Street. The left is the Madiel Hotel. People are dancing on the street, and gentlemen in suits and modern ladies can be seen everywhere. Image source: @wikimedia commons)

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Every country wants to have a piece of this land.

However, no country can monopolize Harbin

Harbin, where forces from various countries mix together

There is also hidden vitality

When the European continent was mired in the First World War

When Russia sounded the alarm of the October Revolution

Frustrated politicians, downtrodden nobles

Homeless people

They came to Harbin along the Trans-Siberian Railway

Among the many expatriates

There are more than 20,000 Jews

Harbin gave people from foreign countries

A place without discrimination and persecution

(Harbin Synagogue, Chamber Music Hall, Photographer: Liu Dapeng)

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Many overseas Chinese miss their hometown

Projected onto this land

Transform thoughts into beautiful buildings

St. Sophia Cathedral

Its large dome, onion-shaped roof, and thick red wall facade

Majestic and solemn

With a strong Byzantine style

(Close-up of St. Sophia Cathedral, photographer @刘涵)

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In addition, there are Baroque style carved columns

(Matsuura Foreign Trade Company on Central Street, now Matsuura Western Restaurant, photographer @全思明)

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Tall, thin, slightly mysterious Gothic style

(Catholic Church in Hulan District, Harbin, image source: @Visual China)

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Different design styles are on display in Harbin

Harbin has become an architectural expo

Strong exotic atmosphere

It also affected the Daowai District on the east side of the railway where many Chinese people live.

Merchants from Shandong and Hebei do business here

There are many restaurants, theaters and shops.

On both sides are traditional Chinese high-rise courtyards.

However, if you look closely, you will find

The carvings on the wall, the arches on the window sills, the pillars at the door

But it shows European style

(Laodaowai Street District, Harbin, photographer @全思明)

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However, the store sign hanging on the door

It is indeed a Chinese style

(Harbin Daowai Chinese Baroque Style Street, "Chinese Baroque" originated from a Japanese scholar's definition of Daowai's combination of Chinese and Western architectural styles, photographer @刘翔)

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Harbin has received many immigrants

An international commercial port

It is also a "window" for Western culture to penetrate China

Music, education, fashion and other trends

Impact on Harbin

Crowds flock to Harbin

Prosperity favors Harbin

(Aerial photography of Harbin city night scene, photographer @苏云鹏)

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However, in troubled times

Harbin's ill-fated

In 1931, the "September 18th Incident" broke out

The situation in the entire Northeast is turbulent

Japan forcibly occupied Harbin and controlled the Chinese Eastern Railway

"Bacterial warfare" in the suburbs of Harbin

And outrageous human experiments

(Interior view of the remains of Unit 731 of the Japanese invaders in Harbin, the anatomy laboratory, photographer @小虫)

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The brutal war interrupted the flow of immigration to Europe

A large number of expatriates either returned to their home country or continued to live in exile

At the same time, Japan stepped up immigration to Harbin

The situation in Harbin is becoming increasingly chaotic

Such a chaotic situation continued until the end of the Anti-Japanese War.

In 1946, Harbin was liberated.

While other cities across the country were still in the panic of civil war

It has taken the lead in walking out of the night and ushering in the dawn

Harbin has a first-mover advantage

What fate will it usher in?

03

Waves

Harbin is a young city

But in just 40 years, it has grown from a small fishing village to a

Becoming a prosperous city

Harbin is also a city blessed by opportunities

In just 40 years, the international situation has changed dramatically.

When Tsarist Russia Became the Soviet Union

During the Sino-Soviet friendship, its geographical advantages were the best

As the first major city to be liberated

Harbin was once listed as a candidate for the capital

Although due to various reasons

Harbin missed the opportunity to become the capital

But after the founding of the People's Republic of China, two construction booms made Harbin quickly become

“ National treasure ”

(The city skyline of Nangang District, Harbin. The pointed tower in the distance is the "Dragon Tower" of Heilongjiang Radio and Television Station. Photographer: @全思明)

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The first time, after the outbreak of the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea

The industries in the three northeastern provinces implemented the policy of “moving factories from the south to the north”

Harbin received 16 factories relocated from Liaoning

The second time, during the First Five-Year Plan

Among the 156 key projects assisted by the Soviet Union,

13 of them were in Harbin

Among them, boiler plants, steam turbine plants, motor plants

Synthesize the "three major power plants"

They support the demand for power generation equipment in New China

From the time of its establishment to the 1990s

Harbin has installed 99 thermal power stations and 106 hydropower stations for my country.

Entering the New Century

At the Three Gorges Hydropower Station, Baihetan Hydropower Station, etc.

Giant hydro-turbine generator development field

Harbin takes on the important task

Therefore, Harbin is known as the " Hometown of Power "

(The rotor of the million-kilowatt hydroelectric generator developed by Harbin Electric Group was successfully hoisted at the Baihetan Hydropower Station. Harbin Electric Group was developed on the basis of the "three major power plants". Photographer @黄正平)

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Beyond the “national heavy equipment”

Harbin is also the " granary of the motherland "

In the late 1950s, when millions of educated youth went to the Great Northern Wilderness

Harbin is also one of their final stops.

They reclaimed land and cultivated fields, built water conservancy projects,

Turning wasteland into farmland

(Rice field painting of Yanjiagang Farm in the western suburbs of Harbin, photographer @沈兆佳)

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In order to better supply talents to national construction

Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin Engineering University

Northeast Forestry University, Northeast Agricultural University, etc.

A number of universities and research institutes are clustered in Harbin

(Aerial photography of Harbin Institute of Technology, photographer @刘大鹏)

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Harbin in the 1980s

Although it is in the north, it is as prosperous as the south of the Yangtze River

In 1979, CCTV filmed a

A documentary called "Harbin Summer"

In the picture, people are smiling

Background music plays

Singing people's expectations for life

(From the song "On the Sun Island")

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"On a bright summer day, the sky is so clear

Beautiful Sun Island, how fascinating

With sincere love and beautiful ideals

We arrived at Sun Island

A happy life is created by labor

Friends, give us your wisdom

Tomorrow will be better.”

(Please watch in horizontal mode, the Songhua River is glittering with light. Sun Island is a large river island in the Songhua River. Photographer: Su Yunpeng)

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Harbin at this time

As far as the eye can see, there is a brilliant

As far as the eye can see, there is a smooth road

However, fate always inadvertently caused waves

In 1991, news of the collapse of the Soviet Union

Breaking the peaceful world

Since the 1960s, Sino-Soviet relations have deteriorated

Due to geographical factors, Harbin is also the country's "military factory"

Today, the threat of war hanging over our country has been eliminated

(An airplane on the campus of Harbin Engineering University, photographer @苏云鹏)

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One year later, Deng Xiaoping made a tour to the south

He published a series of talks on whether to be capitalist or socialist

The trend of the times is changing

Harbin's machinery manufacturing and military industry are dominated by the state.

Unable to flexibly target the people’s livelihood market

As demand decreases, raw material prices rise

Factory efficiency naturally declines

Factories that couldn't hold on went bankrupt one after another

Workers who depended on the factory for their livelihood were forced to lay off one by one.

Statistics available

By 1998, the number of laid-off workers in Harbin had reached more than 300,000.

Since then, this number has continued to increase

The sudden change caught people off guard

For a time, Harbin was shrouded in depression.

(A person walks on the frozen Songhua River, photographer @王健宇)

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At this time, many southern cities have become hot spots

From clothing, home appliances to electronics and the Internet

Industrial production continues to upgrade and iterate

Harbin shoulders the heavy responsibility of being the "eldest son of the Republic"

But it is trapped in the frustration of industrial transformation

As many cities are under construction,

Harbin, the city that provides jobs for Chinese people

The red line of cultivated land cannot be crossed

The huge agricultural base cannot be moved

(Illustration of the changes in Harbin's industrial structure since 1986, drawn by @Hanqing/Planet Research Institute)

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When many cities rely on seaports, rivers, and railways

Connecting the world and becoming an open center in the new era

Harbin, once at the forefront of opening up, has fallen behind

(Night view of freight train at Harbin South Railway Station in winter, photographer @苏云鹏)

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Shrinking industry and huge agricultural base

Weak pull on employment

When local jobs decrease

Children growing up in the context of the “layoff wave”

Faced with the struggle of leaving their homeland

(Passenger flow at Harbin Railway Station, photographer @苏云鹏)

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A hundred years ago, the old friend struggled to break in

Today, young people are struggling to get out

In 2020, Harbin is still the only city in Northeast China.

Large cities with a population of over 10 million

In 2021, it will not be

(Winter in Harbin, photographer @安一然Roger)

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In 2021, Harbin's GDP is 535.2 billion yuan

The economic scale is only 1/3 of Wuhan and 1/2 of Xi'an

GDP per capita ranks last among provincial capital cities

Poor economic indicators have overwhelmed it.

In the overall narrative framework of Northeast China

(Indicative of GDP ranking of provincial capital cities across the country in 2021, drawn by @Hanqing/Planet Research Institute)

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But in just a few decades

Harbin has crossed mountains and encountered valleys.

The fate of the land and the individual are intertwined

When batches of young people struggle to get out

Where will Harbin’s future go?

04

Flow

About Harbin's future

No one can give a clear answer

Hundred Years

Its fate rises and falls like the tide.

It seems that it can't control itself

(Harbin's city has changed over the past century. St. Sophia Cathedral is surrounded by modern buildings. In the distance, across the Songhua River is Songbei New District. Photographer: @徐帅)

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In this ever-changing land

Every generation has its challenges and confusions.

More than 100 years ago, our ancestors who went to Guandong

Enduring the cold and hunger

I don't know whether I will live or die.

More than 50 years ago, our fathers who built factories and reclaimed wasteland

Facing the poverty-stricken environment of New China

You have to work hard

More than 30 years ago, something unexpected happened

Unemployed parents

Will also be desperate and helpless

However, when looking back at the road they have traveled

I realized the answer was right under my feet

That is

Don't Stop

(The Harbin People's Flood Control Victory Memorial Tower was built in 1958. The tower base is marked with the water levels of three major floods in 1932, 1957 and 1998. Photographer: @徐帅)

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Despite the frost, rain and snow

But our ancestors have never stopped

This is the powerful core of Harbin

This core allows it to

Crushing, dissolving

It survived the winter of heavy industry

Still a "national treasure"

Aerospace, ocean development, nuclear energy applications, etc.

It holds a number of core technologies, moving from "manufacturing" to "intelligent manufacturing"

(Aviation Industry Harbin Aircraft Industry Z-20 formation test flight, Harbin Institute of Technology's new generation of five-fingered humanoid robot dexterous hands, Harbin Institute of Technology's "ground space station" comprehensive environment simulation system "Mars dust cabin", picture source @Visual China)

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It is guarding the "granary of the motherland"

The agricultural mechanization rate is almost 100%

Maintain annual grain production of more than 30 billion jin

Signature products such as Wuchang rice and sweet and sticky corn

On the dining table of people across the country

(Harvest in Harbin, farmers are harvesting in the fields, with granaries in the background, photographer @刘翔)

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Looking back now, Harbin’s past

There are tears and poems

There are scars, but also medals

Now looking back, all the past has condensed into

Harbin’s diverse and inclusive soul

And this soul gives Harbin the passion to melt the cold winter

(Interior view of Saint Sophia Cathedral, photographer @陈刚)

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In winter

The frozen Songhua River is extremely lively.

The ice harvesting festival has begun

(Harbin Ice Harvest Festival, photographer @李国鹏)

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Thick ice on the Songhua River

It is the place where ice harvesters "cultivate" year after year.

(Ice harvesters are cutting the ice on the Songhua River, photographer @陈刚)

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Crystal clear ice blocks piled up into ice walls

Then it became a castle

When night falls, the lights come on

People walked into the dream world

Only in Harbin

The ice and snow world and the exotic customs complement each other

Harbin has held the Ice and Snow Festival since 1985.

Harbin people are not afraid of the severe cold

The ice and snow sculptures have become one of the four major ice and snow festivals in the world

(Harbin Ice and Snow World with lights on, photographer @苏云鹏)

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Harbin was born from roads

The mobility of traffic breaks the frozen ground

Today, Harbin is still improving its transportation

It built the world's first high-speed railway in cold weather

High-speed rail lines form a new T-shaped road network

(The Harbin-Jiamusi passenger dedicated line EMU trains after the snow, photographer @哈局巡道工)

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-20℃ winter

Frozen river water

It can no longer block its forward steps

(Winter night view of Harbin Yangmingtan Bridge, photographer @全思明)

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Facing an uncertain future

Harbin people today

Still like their ancestors

Can't stop

Even if they struggled to leave their homeland

I will also take every step steadily

They are active in various industries

There are many outstanding people in the fields of sports, film and television.

(Some celebrities in Harbin's cultural and sports circles, map by @Hanqing/Planetary Research Institute, picture source @Visual China)

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Harbin people can't avoid the snowstorm

Embrace it passionately.

In the long winter

They ski

(Harbin Yabuli Ski Resort, image source: Visual China)

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Winter swimming

(Winter swimmers, one, two, three, jump! Photographer @陈刚)

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Various ice activities, exciting

(Snow sculptures and people on the ice at the Snow Expo, photographer @陈刚)

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In summer, they seize the warm moments

Hold important events such as marathons and concerts

The biennial "Harbin Summer Concert"

Starting from August, it lasted for more than a month

Domestic and foreign orchestras come here to perform and exchange ideas

(Harbin Grand Theater, an important venue for hosting Harbin Summer Concerts, photographer @全思明)

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Outside the Temple

Instrumental performance, choir, etc.

It is the daily entertainment of Harbin people.

(Citizens performing on the street during the 2021 Harbin Summer Concert, photo source: @Visual China)

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Songhua River in summer

There are always many people sitting

"Go to the riverside"

It seems to have become a customary ritual for Harbin people.

They let the cool river breeze blow on their faces

Enjoy the slow time

(People enjoying the cool and swimming by the Songhua River in summer, photographer @陈刚)

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Perhaps the people living on this land

The most understandable

Despite the long winter

When spring comes, the ice will melt

The Songhua River still flows

(Please watch in horizontal mode, panoramic aerial photography of Harbin city, with Sun Island in the foreground and the blue Songhua River in the middle, photographer @刘翔)

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This article was created by

Written by : Qingliu

Image : Xu Ying

Design : Hanqing

Map : Zhou Jinyu

Proofreading : Xiang Bu Xiang & Ding Ding & Chen Jing Yi

Audit Expert

Wu Songtao, Professor of School of Architecture, Harbin Institute of Technology

Wu Xiangli, professor of the School of Geographical Sciences, Harbin Normal University

Qi Yan, Director of the History Department of the School of History, Culture and Tourism, Heilongjiang University

Special thanks

Harbin Engineering University alumnus Tang Wenbo

Harbin Normal University students Li Yingzi & Liu Jie

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