China Academy of Urban Planning and Design: Monitoring Report on Charging Infrastructure in Major Chinese Cities in 2023

In 2022, China's urban charging infrastructure continued to maintain a high-speed growth trend, with the number of vehicles in use increasing from 2.617 million in 2021 to 5.21 million in 2022, a year-on-year increase of more than 99%. Among them, the increase in private charging piles was as high as 1.942 million, which was three times the increase in public charging piles. The overall proportion of private charging piles also increased from 56.2% in 2021 to 65.5% in 2022. At the same time, the sales penetration rate of new energy vehicles exceeded 25% in 2022, completing the 20% target set out in the "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan (2021-2035)" three years ahead of schedule. The number of new energy vehicles in use increased from 7.84 million in 2021 to 13.1 million in 2022, a year-on-year increase of 67.1%. In 2022, 5.35 million new new energy vehicles were registered nationwide, an increase of 2.4 million vehicles compared with the previous year, an increase of 81.48%. The development pace of "cars and charging piles growing together" continues to accelerate, and the car-to-charging pile ratio will further drop from 3.0 in 2021 to 2.4 in 2022.

The statistical results of spatial density indicators show that the average density of public piles in the central urban areas of 36 major cities is 26.5 units/square kilometer. Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Haikou rank high, with a density of public piles exceeding 40 units/square kilometer in the central urban areas. Shenzhen has the highest density of public piles, reaching 154.9 units/square kilometer. There are five cities with a density of public piles below 10 units/square kilometer, namely Quanzhou, Changzhou, Putian, Dalian, and Yantai. Yantai has the lowest density of public piles, only 4.8 units/square kilometer, which is less than 1/9 of Haikou, which is also a Type II large city. The density gap is even more obvious compared with cities such as Shenzhen and Shanghai.

According to regional statistics, the average density of public piles in 25 southern cities is 29.2 units/square kilometer, which is higher than the average of 20.5 units/square kilometer in 11 northern cities. The top six cities in terms of scale and density are all southern cities. Quanzhou, Changzhou, Putian and other cities that rank low among southern cities still have higher density of public piles than northern cities such as Dalian and Yantai.

The average proportion of four types of passenger cars in the central urban area is 87%, among which private passenger cars account for an average of 53%, which is the most important model. In the ranking of the overall ownership of four types of passenger cars and new energy vehicles in the central urban areas of 36 cities, Hangzhou, Qingdao and Shanghai account for more than 95%, ranking the top three; among them, the proportion of private passenger cars in the ownership of new energy vehicles is between 33.5% and 76.5%, and the proportion of private passenger cars in Nanning, Beijing, Shanghai, Wenzhou, Tianjin and other cities ranks in the top five.